Shabo Carnation And Turkish Carnation - Varieties, Cultivation And Care

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

Secrets of growing Shabo carnations and Turkish carnations in the garden

Carnation is one of the favorite plants in many countries of the world, and this love comes from ancient times. People cured diseases with carnation flowers, red flowers served as a talisman against evil spirits and misfortunes on the road.

There is a legend that the carnation was once a particle of man, and its name is translated from Greek as "flower of the gods." Different peoples have their own opinions about this flower, but they all speak very positively about it.

A carnation with scarlet flowers is considered a symbol of goodness and justice, constancy and loyalty. The genus Carnation itself includes more than 400 species and many excellent varieties that breeders have developed over the years of working with this crop.

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Carnations are perennials, biennials, and annual stunning flowering plants belonging to the carnation family. Carnations have a stem, usually herbaceous, less often semi-lignified, smooth and very angular. Small, linear, opposite leaves are colored deep green, bluish or blue.

The flowers of carnations are varied, it all depends on the shape or variety, usually single, less often collected in inflorescences, small or large in size, more often simple, although nowadays varieties with a double type of flower are becoming more and more popular. They are subtle or odorless, with smooth or split ends of the petals. The most attractive are carnations with double flowers and corrugated, spectacularly curved, fringed petals.

In natural carnations, the corollas of simple flowers usually consist of five loose petals, often white, and sometimes brightly colored, often pink with different shades.

In cultivated carnations, the color of the flowers is much more varied: in addition to white or pink, it can be cream, salmon, red, purple, yellow, and it can also be multi-colored. You can find types and varieties of carnations with contrasting circles in the center of the flower or a contrasting border around the edges of the petals, sometimes with contrasting dots and even strokes on the petals, which looks very delightful.

The fruit of a carnation is a multi-seeded capsule with flat and black seeds inside. Depending on the species characteristics, carnation seeds can be sown in spring for seedlings, or in autumn, or in summer.

The most common in floriculture are the following types: Turkish or bearded carnation, Chinese carnation, pinnate carnation and Dutch or garden carnation. The Dutch carnation is distinguished by the greatest variety of plants; plants of this species are combined into five main garden groups: Shabo, grenadines, dwarf, American and souvenir de Malmaison.

Carnations of different species and groups also have different flowering times, they have different lengths of peduncles, different degrees of terry, the shape and color of the petals, all these signs are the determining factors in the use of plants. Low-growing cushion carnations are usually planted along the edges of flower beds, they are also remarkable in rock gardens. Those carnations that are distinguished by long peduncles usually adorn flower beds of various styles or are grown for cutting.

Some types of carnations bloom once a season, but now remontant forms of carnations are available that bloom almost throughout the season. Tall varieties of such carnations can reach 60 centimeters and are grown in greenhouses to obtain an elite class cut.

Medium-sized - from 30 to 60 centimeters, as well as compact - up to 30 centimeters are good for landscaping the balcony and garden. Compact dwarf varieties of remontant carnation are very often used as a pot culture.

The long-flowering Shabo carnation, obtained at the end of the 19th century and named after its creator, is remarkable. Shabo is a perennial carnation, but in central Russia it is cultivated only as an annual.

Turkish carnation

Shabo carnation is distinguished by a compact bush, dense stems and narrow gray-green leaves, as well as large and, importantly, fragrant flowers up to 7 centimeters in diameter! Over the years of breeding work with this carnation, wonderful varieties have been bred, different in appearance. This is Jeanne Dionysus, which has excellent pure white flowers; La France - with light pink flowers; The Pink Queen, which has beautiful bright pink flowers corresponding to the name; Aurora - with salmon-pink color of flowers; Marie Shabo is a lovely gray-yellow coloration; Etinselyan - amazing in size and color (bright red) flowers; The Fire King is a red-orange coloration of wonderful large flowers; Lezhien d'Oner - with a stunning dark cherry color of flowers; interesting variety Mikado - the color of flowers is very rare - purple, and, finally,the crown of creation is the Luminette Mixt variety with different flower colors!

The Shabo carnation blooms 50-60 days after sowing seeds in open ground, therefore, for growing in the garden, it is better to get seedlings by sowing seeds in winter (in January-February) and at the very beginning of March.

At the end of winter and at the beginning of summer, perhaps the most responsible and exciting time for flower lovers comes - this is the sowing season. Time for growing seedlings, as well as for laying flower beds in the garden and landscaping loggias and terraces. It's troublesome to tinker with seedlings, but it's worth it, because thanks to seedlings, it becomes possible to grow many beautiful flowers that will decorate gardens and balconies all season, thereby delighting us and raising our spirits.

Growing seedlings, you can replenish your collection of flowers. To grow a high-quality plant, it is necessary to prepare the soil, pour soil well-watered with water into the seedling box, and then make shallow depressions in the soil at a short distance from each other and sow clove seeds in them. After sowing, the seeds must be lightly sprinkled with earth and covered with cellophane wrap, the crops must be regularly ventilated.

They will appear at a temperature of 23 … 25 ° C in 7-10 days. After the appearance of the first seedlings, the film must be removed, but only for the daytime, and closed again at night. This must be done until stable plants appear. Watering crops must be very careful and moderate, so as not to harm the delicate seedlings of carnations. As the seedlings grow, you need to add earth to the plant stems to strengthen the young carnation seedlings.

If the seedlings are too frequent, they need to be cut open, transplanted or even transplanted into individual pots. If you want the carnation bushes to be compact and dense, the tops of the shoots should be pinched periodically.

The grown and hardened seedlings of carnations should be transplanted in May - early June into open ground, placing the bushes at a distance of about twenty centimeters. The place for Shabo carnation should be sunny and bright. Carnation plants feel good on fertile and permeable soil, although it is rather unpretentious, cold-resistant and drought-resistant.

The Shabo carnation, sown in January, blooms in mid-July and continues until the first frost. To avoid damage from the wind, when peduncles appear next to each bush, you need to put a support peg and tie the growing peduncles to it.

Many gardeners unreasonably refuse to grow Shabo carnations, thinking that the plant requires too much grooming and annual sowing. However, this is not entirely true: in normal, not too frosty winters, the bushes of Shabo carnations can successfully overwinter and bloom beautifully next year. And if the bushes are covered in the fall, then she will not care about rather severe frosts, so the conviction that she cannot winter in our climate is groundless.

Shabo carnation can decorate absolutely any garden, and the aroma emanating from the flowers will give flower gardens a special, sophisticated look. In autumn, in order to prolong the pleasure of contemplating these flowers, they can be dug up and transplanted into a glazed loggia or greenhouse.

When growing a terry Shabo carnation from seeds, there may be splitting, and some of the plants will turn out with non-double flowers, therefore it is recommended to dig up and save the uterine bushes of plants with the most beautiful double flowers for reproduction in winter, so that they can be cut in March.

Among other things, the Shabo carnation is suitable for cutting: with regular water changes and pruning of the stem, its flowers remain fresh in a bouquet for up to two weeks!

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Turkish carnation

But, perhaps, the most beloved and most famous is the Turkish carnation, which is especially popular with gardeners. They fell in love with them for its unpretentiousness, long flowering and extraordinary magnificent and catchy color of flowers. The Turkish carnation blooming on the site is always admirable.

In height, this carnation can be undersized (up to 20 centimeters) and tall (up to 80 centimeters). The flowers are monochromatic or variegated, usually collected in dense inflorescences up to 12 centimeters in diameter with various colors: burgundy, white, pink, dark red, as well as two- and three-colored.

Inflorescences are simple or terry, which literally cover varieties of tall carnations with caps. This carnation is popular: it is grown both in flower gardens and in flower beds. It is a wonderful decoration in any corner of the garden, but it is still better to plant low-growing plants in the foreground in front of tall perennials or shrubs.

Turkish carnation is a cold-resistant culture and tolerates winters almost without shelter, but still it is better to mulch young plants with peat or humus.

Turkish carnations thrive in full sun, but they can thrive in partial shade. This carnation blooms magnificently and beautifully only on fertile soils. If 6-8 kilograms of humus or compost are added for digging, then clay or loamy soil will also be good for cloves. Before sowing, the soil is dug to a depth of 20-25 cm, leveled. If it is dry, then it must be watered, and before sowing the seeds, the bed is covered with a covering material or plastic wrap.

Two weeks later (June or July) they start sowing. Shallow grooves (1-1.5 cm) are made across the bed with a distance of 15 cm between them, they are spilled with water and seeds are sown sparsely. From above they are sprinkled with earth, lightly tamping the crops with your hand. Cover from above with a fairly dense covering material, which is kept like this until germination.

Cloves can be sown before winter at the end of October. Gardeners, especially beginners, should remember that autumn crops are carried out with dry seeds, and the furrows are not watered before sowing.

Carnation has a positive attitude towards watering both before flowering and during flowering. It is usually watered 1-2 times a week, 12-15 liters for each square meter of the garden. Especially it is necessary to monitor soil moisture on hot days. It should be remembered that you cannot pour over cloves either, and you should not water over flowering plants, but you need to water as close to the ground as possible.

In the spring, immediately after the snow melts, it is advisable to temporarily shade the plant with a covering material, which will save it from unnecessary sun rays, and thereby save it from burns. The covering material is left until the plants start growing.

The Turkish carnation has diseases and pests: from great dampness, it often gets sick with root rot, from which leaf rosettes fall off, and the plant dies. You can fight this disease by spraying it with Hom (40 g per 10 liters of water).

At present, quite a few varieties of Turkish carnations have appeared, but the most attractive of them are as follows: Haymatland - flowers are dark red with a white eye, inflorescences are very large, plant height reaches 45 centimeters, flowering usually begins in May - June. Lakhskenigin - salmon-pink flowers, large inflorescences, plant height up to 45 centimeters, flowering occurs in May - June.

Schneebal - flowers are snow-white, double. The inflorescences are large. Plant height up to 40 centimeters, usually blooms in June - July.

Carnation is a wonderful plant that will give you an unforgettable impression of warmth and summer!