Gumi Or Multiflorous Goose - Varieties And Cultivation

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

Gumi is a promising crop for growing in the garden and in the apartment

Gumi in bloom

Gumi is a type of multiflora sucker. His homeland is Central China, from where he came to Japan. In these countries, the multiflorous oak is a fairly common fruit crop. It is also widely used in breeding, including interspecific hybridization.

From Japan, the multiflorous goose came to the south of Sakhalin. In 1926, it was introduced into the European part of the USSR, and spread to a limited extent in the areas of experienced gardeners. Since 1962, gumi has been studied in the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow) and is recognized as suitable for cultivation in this zone. In recent years, many-flowered sucker has begun to appear more and more in family gardens, where it is lovingly called "miracle berry", and also "silver cherry".

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Loch multiflorous - a shrub with light green oblong leaves, silvery from the inside. Its shape can be very diverse: from pyramidal-compressed to highly spreading. During flowering, the bush is covered with fragrant, like earrings, cream flowers hanging from the shoots, and during ripening - with bright red, juicy fruits on long stalks, the size of a cherry. The shape of the fruit is very different: from round to cylindrical. They differ in weight, size, taste, but in general the taste of gum is estimated as simultaneously resembling pineapple, apple and cherry with varying degrees of astringency.

The fruit has tonic and anti-inflammatory properties and helps with indigestion. Leaves are also used - they contain a lot of vitamin C, they can be dried and brewed like tea. Taken from the bush, the fruits are stored for no more than 4-5 days. The yield from a bush at the age of 6-8 years in the middle lane is 2-4 kg.

The multiflorous oak tree is a light-loving plant, so it is better to plant it in an open, well-lit area. He prefers light, well-drained, sandy loam and loamy soils. Gumi is responsive to the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers, is little affected by diseases and pests.

The plant is monoecious, but still, to obtain good yields, it is advisable to plant three to four copies. The sucker begins to grow after the currants, the flowers bloom in June. In the conditions of the middle zone, gumi is not winter-hardy: in severe winters, the bush is damaged to a snow cover.

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But the plant has a high regenerative capacity (the annual growth of shoots reaches 50–150 cm, moreover, 8-10 new shoots are formed every year), and therefore, in the event of freezing or breakage, the bush quickly recovers. But it is necessary to cut it off very carefully for the same reason: for the first 5-7 years, it is generally better not to touch the plant, otherwise the active awakening of dormant buds leads to the growth of whorls, a huge number of tops and thickening.

The insufficient winter hardiness of gumi in the middle zone also determines the height of its bush, which most often turns out to be equal to the height of the snow cover, about 50 cm. However, after several consecutive warm winters, gumi can be up to 2-3 meters high. In our conditions, experts still recommend forming its bushes in a creeping form to protect the multiflorous sucker from winter damage. For this in the fall, and even better at the end of summer, when the shoots are not completely lignified, and therefore they are flexible and do not break, they are brought to a horizontal position, due to which they are reliably covered with snow in winter.

Bushes are propagated by seeds - in this case, the fruiting of seedlings occurs in 5-6 years; layering - fruiting begins at 3-4 years, and reproduction by green cuttings is not difficult. Seeds are sown before winter, in October. Seed germination is low, so they are sown denser.

There is experience in growing gumi in room culture. Under these conditions, the plant blooms from seeds in the third year. Moreover, due to the high early maturation of buds and a very short dormant period, even two harvests can be obtained in one year. The period from pollination to fruit ripening is 45 days.

It seems that the multiflorous goose is already on its way to our gardens. The first and still the only collection of the species - 465 specimens - was created at the Sakhalin Research Institute of Agriculture. The first varieties of this new culture have already been created here.

These are Sakhalin First (1999), Moneron (2002) and Krillon (2006), registered in the State Register without Borders for breeding approval. In 2002, the Taisa variety obtained in Moscow by E. I. Kolbasina was registered in the State Register.

Moneron variety - medium ripening. The fruits are sweet, without aroma, slightly tart, weighing 1.5 g.

Krillon variety - late ripening. Fruits of medium size, bright red color, sweet, no aroma, very tasty (tasting score 5 points) with a high content of vitamin C - in Sakhalin conditions up to 111 mg per 100 g of fruit.