Radish In Spring, Summer And Autumn

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

What you need to get a guaranteed yield of tasty and healthy radish root vegetables

Many summer residents grow radishes and are quite successful. But there are also losers who, having tried to grow radishes several times, but having failed to achieve results, stop cultivating it, referring to the fact that it is a vegetable crop of a short day, and in the conditions of Karelia, with a long daylight hours, a good harvest cannot be obtained.

Yes, radish is a short-day crop, but with proper agricultural technology, taking into account all the peculiarities of cultivating this crop, you can get an excellent harvest both in our area and in other areas of the North-West region. Radish is the earliest vegetable crop, because it is very cold-resistant (it can withstand temperatures down to 0 ° C and below). Therefore, sowing seeds can be done very early, as soon as the soil is ready.

Although radish is a cold-resistant crop, the optimum temperature for seed germination and further vegetation of plants is 18 … 20 ° C. At this temperature, seedlings appear on the 4th-6th day.

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Radish is picky about the soil, both in structure and in fertility. Loose, moist, fertile soils of neutral or slightly acidic reaction are taken under it. Before sowing seeds, 8-10 kg of compost or humus and 40-50 g of complex mineral fertilizers per 1 m² are introduced into the soil. During the formation of root crops, it is necessary to water the crops abundantly. With weak growth, the plants are fed with a complex mineral fertilizer at the rate of 30-50 g hectares of 10 liters of water, using this solution per 2 m². With potash starvation, radish leaves look normal, and the root crop does not form (wood ash can help out here). During nitrogen starvation, radish practically does not form either tops or roots. A pinkish color appears on the leaves. Feeding with nitrogen fertilizers is needed at a time when the radish will expand the cotyledon leaves.

In order to achieve optimal temperatures for growing radishes, it is necessary to use a covering material (plastic wrap, non-woven covering material). At low temperatures (below 12 ° C), many varieties of radish do not form root crops. Root crops are not formed even with thickened crops (the recommended distance between lines is 15-20 cm, the depth of seeding is 1-2 cm, the rate of seed consumption is 2-3 g per 1 m²).

As a very early ripening crop, radishes can be removed from the ridges in greenhouses designed for growing tomatoes and cucumbers. It is sown there before the planting of the main crops and in the initial period of their growing season.

Radish varieties

Recently, many varieties of radish have appeared, in seed shops you are wide-eyed, and you don't know what to give preference to. In order not to be left without a crop, it is necessary to sow the varieties that you sowed earlier and gave you good yields, and sow new varieties carefully, one or two per season, testing them, because many of them, alas, do not confirm the advertised characteristics.

When sowing in spring, in Karelia, I grow the following varieties of radish: French breakfast, 18 days, Heat. Vera. These are early maturing varieties. From sowing to removable ripeness of root crops, 23-28 days pass. In the varieties Zhara and Vera, the roots are round, small, up to 2 cm in diameter, and in the varieties for 18 days and the French breakfast they are elongated. The pulp is tender, with a mild taste.

In the summer-autumn culture, I prefer to grow the Red Giant radish, which belongs to the late varieties, its growing season is up to 50-60 days. Root crops of raspberry-red color, conical shape, 10-12 cm long and 1.5-2 cm in diameter. In addition to these remarkable characteristics of this variety of root crops, it should be noted that they are amazingly keeping quality (they retain their commercial properties until January when stored in plastic bags at a temperature of 1-3 ° C). To grow root crops for winter storage, I sow seeds in the third decade of July, and harvest them before the onset of frost.

Last season, in the third decade of July, I sowed the Vera and Saks varieties of radish and also made the right decision. August was cool and rich in precipitation. Under such weather conditions, the radish harvest turned out to be great. Root crops were almost the size of a turnip - up to 8 cm in diameter. At the same time, I did not use any special agrotechnical methods.

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Protection of radishes from pests

In hot weather, cruciferous fleas cause damage to plants. To scare them away, you can use wood ash, mixed in equal parts with tobacco dust or lime. You can also spray the plants with ash infusion (pour 9 liters of water into 1 glass in the evening, stir and let stand until morning).

Eats radishes and cabbage fly. Its larvae are drilled into the root crop and grind it through. The mass emergence of the spring cabbage fly and the laying of eggs coincide with the cherry blossom. As soon as you spot a pest, pollinate or spray the ground around the plant as you would for flea control.

Radish protection against diseases

Radishes should not be sown after cabbage in open ground, as well as in a greenhouse after growing cabbage seedlings there, as they have common diseases. Radish can be damaged by "black leg", keel, slimy bacteriosis, downy mildew (peronosporosis).

When affected by mucous bacteriosis, the root crop becomes licky and decomposes, emitting an unpleasant characteristic odor. The root tissue is very delicate, so this process is much faster than that of cabbage. The varieties of radish Mokhovsky, Rose-red with a white tip, Variant and Teplichny Gribovsky are relatively resistant to mucous bacteriosis.

In film greenhouses, when sowing radishes after cabbage seedlings, root crops can be affected by powdery mildew. Its signs - on root crops above the soil at the base of the rosette of leaves, as well as on parts that are in the ground, dark gray or almost black spots with somewhat blurry edges are observed. A light bloom is clearly visible on their surface - the sporulation of the pathogen.

Later, the spots merge and occupy most of the root crop, then corking and cracking of the affected tissue occurs. On the cut of the root crop, dark brown spots in the form of strands are visible. The taste of diseased root crops deteriorates sharply.

The Sachs radish variety is relatively resistant to this disease. The source of infection for all of the above diseases is the soil on which cabbage and other crops of the cabbage family, radish, daikon, turnip were grown.