Radish Varieties. Sowing Radish. Radish Care

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

This is a valuable radish root. Part 2

Read the first part of the article: Growing radishes in greenhouses and open field

Radish varieties

When choosing radish varieties, one should take into account their characteristics. Early ripening varieties, with a delay in harvesting, quickly become flabby. The varieties of European radish are the earliest ripening (18-25 days from germination to harvest) and relatively resistant to flowering - these are Early Red, Zarya, Heat, Saksa, Wurzburg 12, Ice Icicle, French breakfast, Deca, 18 days.

Chinese radish varieties are later (40-50 days), they are successfully grown during summer sowing. Among them there are those that, at a temperature of 2-3 ° C and a relative humidity of 85-90%, retain the commercial qualities of root crops for 2-3 months. These are Dungansky 12/8, Red Giant, White Virovsky.

The following radish varieties are universally recommended for cultivation: Basis, Variant, Vera, Virovsky white, Wurzburgsky, Globus F1, Dungansky, Heat, Zarya, Zlata, Ilke, Kvant, Korsar, Red giant, Ksenia, Mokhovsky, Aries, Autumn giant, In memory of Kvasnikov, Politez, Shelf, Presto, Rebel, Rika, Rose-red with a white tip, Rondar F1, Rondeer, Ruby, Rudolph F1, Saratov, Firefly, Snegirek, Sora, Soffit, Steadfast, Tarzan F1, Togul, Horero F1, Champion, Ertapishez, Yakhont. All varieties and hybrids have a mostly rounded root shape, with the exception of the Red Giant (elongated-cylindrical), Xenia (elongated-oval), Aries, Riki, (cylindrical), Autumn giant, Politez, Togul (rounded-oval), Firefly (icicle).

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Sowing radish

In the open field, radish seeds can be sown in spring, summer, before winter and winter. In order for radishes to be on the table from early spring to late autumn, they sow it in several periods (stepwise). The earliest sowing date is the end of April when the soil is ready for processing, the last one is at the beginning of August.

Repeated cultivation of radish can give 3-4 harvests from one area during the summer. You cannot sow it when the apple tree is blooming, as this coincides with the summer of the cabbage fly. To get a harvest throughout the summer, each subsequent sowing should be carried out in 10-15 days when the first leaves appear on the plants of the previous sowing. In the middle lane, ultra-early sowing is used - in March-early April in the soil prepared in autumn. If you cut the beds in the fall, you can sow seeds on the ice crust, then they are scattered over the soil surface. To prevent the seeds from rolling, sowing is best done at 11-12 o'clock in the afternoon, when the soil surface softens somewhat. With this sowing method, the sowing rate is increased to 2.5 g / m².

When radish is cultivated in autumn, at a lower temperature, high soil and air humidity and a short day, large root crops of a higher quality are formed than during spring sowing.

Some authors argue that in order to get an earlier radish, it can be sown before winter. For this sowing period, the site should be flat or with a slope to the south or southeast, not flooded by spring waters, with light sandy or sandy loam soils, with a permeable subsoil. The ridges are prepared in the second half of October. On their surface, grooves with a depth of 4-5 cm are made with a marker. Large dry seeds are sown when stable frosts come (the soil will ring), so that they not only do not germinate, but also do not swell before the onset of spring. The best sowing time is November 5-20.

The seeding rate of seeds before winter is increased by 20-25%. Rows with seeds from above are covered with 2-2.5 cm of humus or peat prepared in advance. Winter sowing of radishes in December-February in frozen soil provides early emergence of seedlings and harvesting 2-3 weeks faster than with spring sowing. In winter, snow is cleared from the beds and seeds are sown in the grooves prepared in the fall.

It should be remembered that in conditions of a variable climate with an unstable winter, these radish sowing dates are not always safe to use. It is dangerous to sow it before winter and in winter in warm "February windows", when the soil thaws, there are cases of the beginning of the growth of perennials and the emergence of shoots of many plants planted before winter, and then cold weather is restored again. Such frosts, and very strong ones, are often the cause of the death of premature seedlings, including radish.

Radishes can be grown outdoors before planting tomatoes, sowing cucumbers, or re-culture after harvesting early potatoes and green vegetables. When used as a sealant for white cabbage and cauliflower, cucumbers and other radish seeds are sown simultaneously with these crops. At first, young plants of the main crop do not occupy the entire area allotted to them, therefore, early ripening radishes are placed in the row spacings, the harvest of which is harvested at the time of their growth.

Radish is often used as a catch crop.

To ensure the amicable formation of root crops, the seeds are calibrated (divided into fractions) and each of them is sown separately. To obtain a high yield, radishes should be sown only with large seeds: they give amicable shoots, an earlier harvest and a higher quality of root crops.

Radish reacts positively to soaking seeds in a solution of boric acid and methylene blue.

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Radish care

Thickening during sowing leads to the rapid shooting of plants. Therefore, you should mark the area before sowing, and then sow one seed at a time. On light, fertile soils, free of weeds, radishes can be sown on a flat surface or low ridges in an ordinary way with a distance between rows of 8-10 cm. However, a higher yield of marketable root crops is obtained on a flat surface with cross-sowing. The feeding area for early varieties is 5x5, for summer varieties - 7x7 cm. Seeding rate is 2 g / m². The depth of their embedding is 2-2.5 cm.

It is recommended to close the beds with early sowing of radish (in the winter, winter and early spring periods) on top with a film or lutrasil. They keep you warm. The soil temperature under them is 4-5 ° C higher compared to the open surface of the bed. This contributes to obtaining earlier production. Two to three times loosening in row spacing to a depth of 4-6 cm ensures a clean state of crops during the entire growing season. When sowing without marking with an increased seeding rate, thinning is necessary.

A single top dressing with an easily soluble complex fertilizer (dissolve 15-20 g / m² of crystalline in a bucket of water, and after top dressing spill the garden bed with clean water) in case of growth retardation contributes to a good harvest.

During the period of radish growth, the optimal moisture content is maintained by irrigation (80-85% of the total field moisture capacity). Juicy, tender radish roots can only be obtained if there is sufficient moisture in the soil. In hot and dry weather, root vegetables become tough and tasteless. During these periods, the weekly watering rate should be about 10 l / m².

Of particular importance are watering for radish late spring and summer sowing. Since many ancient varieties are not resistant to shooting and give only peduncles instead of root crops during long daylight hours (especially on white nights), the radish beds should be closed at 8 pm and opened at 8 am using a frame made of black film or roofing material. You will get good products.

Harvesting is carried out first selectively, and then continuous, when all the roots acquire the shape and size typical for the given variety. It is impossible to be late with the harvesting of radish, because then its roots outgrow, quickly coarse, flabby and become unfit for food. After complete harvesting, the root crops are cut, washed, dried and stored in the refrigerator for 2-3 weeks.