How To Choose A Good Variety Of Peppers And Grow Seedlings

The variety of pepper varieties is amazing.

Thus, in the "State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use" for 2003, there are 145 varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper (of which 35 varieties and hybrids were introduced into the State Register in 2003), 12 varieties of hot peppers and 7 varieties of bush pepper, of which only about half are approved for use in the North-West region of the Russian Federation.

Gardener's guide

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About pepper seeds

If there are no other recommendations on the package (imported seeds are colored and do not require preliminary preparation, soaking), then the seeds are disinfected for 20-30 minutes in a dark solution of potassium permanganate, then washed. It would be nice to put them in a tissue bag later in a solution of one of the complex fertilizers and stimulants (Kemira-Lux, Zircon, Empact, etc.) according to the instructions. After that, the seeds are washed and placed in a Petri dish, saucer with a damp cloth or filter (toilet) paper, where they are kept at a temperature of 25-28 ° C for 1-2 days, not allowing them to dry out. During this period, the seeds are pecked, and seedlings in the prepared soil for tomatoes and peppers appear on the 5-6th day.

The box is placed on the windowsill, placing a couple of wooden blocks under it, insulating the windows with a film from the glass, that is, creating a temperature of 25-28 ° C. After the emergence of seedlings, it would be good to reduce the temperature to 14-16 ° C for a week so that the seedlings give good roots. Then the temperature is kept around 23-25 ° C during the day and at least 16-17 ° C at night. Seedlings are watered (but not overflowed) and fed weekly.

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It would be nice to supplement them with lamps LB-40, LD-40. With relatively late sowing (in March), it is better not to dive the seedlings, but immediately grow them in cups about 10x10 cm in size.

Seedlings are planted in the budding phase. If there is still a danger of frost in your area, cover the plants in the greenhouse with spunbond, lutrasil, film, etc. for a week or two.

The table provides a brief description of a number of varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers based on their descriptions by their authors or companies distributing them.

Characteristics of varieties and hybrids of pepper on the seed market of the North-West of the Russian Federation

early ripe, 99-120	red
		red
	160-170	Aran F1		red
		red
70-75 XX		Bagration		yellow
mid-early 100-110	yellow
mid-early 100-108	red
	120-140	Belozerka	100-120	Snow White		red
	large	Turquoise		red
	250	Bogatyr		red
early ripe	red
mid-early	red
		red
early maturing 110-120	red
early maturing 103-106	red
early ripe	orange
mid-early 115-128	red
early	red
90 x 95 xx		Gourmet		orange
early ripe 90-100	red
		Dobrynya		red
	100	Good man		red
mid-early 100-105	red
early ripe	red
early maturing 86-111	red
early ripe 95-110	red
		yellow
			Dawn			Health	33-50	Zenith		red
early maturing 110-116	yellow
mid-early	yellow
	110-180	Oriole		yellow
	180-300	Indalo F1		yellow
	up to 300	California miracle	80-120	Kapitoshka		red
		violet
early maturing 110	bright red
		Gingerbread man	80-90	Sweetie		violet
			Red bull NK F1		red
medium early 105-120	red
early ripe 101-110	red
early maturing 111	red
mid-early 115-120	red
		red
		red
		orange
		red
	65-100	Marathos F1	large	Medal	42-49	Mercury F1		red
		red
early maturing 112-115	red
early ripe 95-100	red
100-115	red
95-100	red
		dark red
			Orange wonder		orange
		brown
		red
		red
		red
	130-160	Flaming F1		red
	69-87	Urchin		red
			Raisa F1	large	Red Baron F1	large	Spring	up to 100	Ruza F1		red
mid-season 130-135	dark red
		dark red
medium early 120-130	yellow-orange
		red
		orange-red
	120-140	Snowball F1		red
		dark red
medium early 110-120	red
		red
		silvery white
		dark red
	110-130	Florida		yellow
early maturing 100-110	red
early maturing 110-120	red
		red
		red
		brown
		red
		red
mid-season 125-128	dark red
		St.-yellow / beige
early maturing 112	orange
mid-early	yellow

xx - the period from transplanting seedlings to technical maturity

As you can see, there are many new products. The state register and the market are clearly overloaded with assortment. Gardeners will have to choose varieties and hybrids themselves, based on their description, from the presence of cultivation facilities on the site. It should only be remembered that the description of varieties, as a rule, is given according to the results of their testing in industrial greenhouses. In amateur greenhouses without heating or biofuel, the fruits will be smaller, the pericarp wall is thinner.

All 12 varieties of hot peppers are recommended throughout the country. These are the varieties: Astrakhan 147, Magic bouquet, Bully, Little prince, Fiery maiden, Fiery volcano, Elephant trunk 304, Tonus, Tula, Miracle of the Moscow region, Jubilee VNIISSOK, Dragon's tongue. Appeared in 1998-2000. 7 varieties of bush pepper are also recommended for cultivation throughout the country. These are the varieties: Indian Summer, Carmen, Bride, The Queen of Spades, Ryabinushka, Salute, Constellation. The seeds of some of them have already gone on sale.

It should be noted that, despite the recommendations for use in the North-West of Russia, all varieties and hybrids of sweet peppers, including early, bouquet, should be planted in film shelters, greenhouses, etc., where even the tallest of them are not exceed 1 m in height. Varieties of hot and bush peppers can be grown indoors, while sweet peppers can be dug up in the fall, stored in the basement and planted next year, or grown on a windowsill all year round when supplemented.

Growing pepper seedlings

The optimum age for seedlings of nightshade crops, which include pepper, is about 60 days, and it takes another 5-7 days to get seedlings. If the temperature regime is not maintained, then seedlings may appear in 2-4 weeks. Total: about 70 days at best. In the conditions of the Leningrad Region, seedlings can be planted in greenhouses no earlier than May 20 (unless, of course, you have prepared "warm" beds, that is, you have not filled them with biofuel about 40 cm thick and have not created a "burning" process), but in an open ground, film shelters - not earlier than the end of the first decade of June.

So consider: depending on the early maturity of the variety, sow peppers on seedlings from February to mid-March. Otherwise, it will outgrow, that is, it will bloom, and when planted in greenhouses, flowers and ovaries may crumble. It will take another month for them to bloom again, and then autumn is not far off.