Agrotechnics Of Peppers In Film Greenhouses

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

Cultivation of sweet pepper in the conditions of the Leningrad region. Part 4

Agrotechnics of peppers in film greenhouses

The soil in greenhouses should be loose, filled with rotted manure (0.5 buckets per 1 m²) with the addition of wood ash (0.5 kg per 1 m² or 200 g per 10 liters of water). Before planting seedlings, special holes are made so that the root system does not overheat unnecessarily, and in the future does not suffer from a lack of moisture.

The holes (funnels with a top diameter of 10-12 centimeters) are made with a sharp stake, deepening 30-35 centimeters into the ground, and covered with greenhouse soil. In such holes, the peppers develop well and give an increased yield.

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Seedlings are planted in wells spilled with water, without deepening (unlike tomatoes), in order to avoid stem constrictions. Seedlings of medium-sized varieties are planted with a distance between plants of 30-35 cm (6 plants per 1 m2), hybrids - after 35-40 cm (5 plants per 1 m2), low-growing bouquet-type varieties after 15-20 cm (up to 20 plants per 1 m2).

The following temperature regime is recommended during the period of growing pepper in greenhouses: during the day in sunny weather 24 … 28 ° С, in cloudy weather 22 … 24 ° С, at night 20 … 22 ° С. Soil temperature should be 20 ° С, relative air humidity 60-70%.

Pepper needs frequent watering, as it does not tolerate even a short-term lack of moisture. The need for the next watering is usually determined by eye by the state of the plants. When even the slightest wilting of plants appears, watering is necessary. Soil moisture should always be optimal - 80% PPV. Water consumption for one irrigation in June-July is 8-10 l / m².

Good results are obtained by regular loosening of the soil until the plants completely close in the row.

Peppers are fed one month after planting and then every 10 days by introducing an ecofoska 10 g / m². Once a month foliar feeding is done with calcium nitrate and micronutrient fertilizers. To prepare the mother liquor for 1 liter of water, take: 2.8 g of boric acid; 1.8 g of manganese sulfate; 0.2 g zinc sulfate; 0.08 g of copper sulfate; 0.01 g of ammonium molybdate. For 10 liters of working solution, 10 cm³ of mother liquor is taken, the consumption of working solution is 2.5-3 liters per 10 m² of the greenhouse. In film greenhouses, there are often large temperature drops and high relative air humidity, and therefore it is necessary to ventilate the greenhouses more often.

Peppers are easier to care for than tomatoes, as they do not need systematic plant formation. Plants of medium and tall varieties should be tied to a trellis, because by the end of the growing season they reach a height of 110-150 cm. Such varieties usually have 2-3 branches of the main stem, and shoots are also tied to the trellis with twine, like tomato plants. This allows the plants to have a stable vertical position, uniform arrangement in the area and in the volume of greenhouses, excludes their mutual oppression and provides a good approach to the plants when harvesting.

Most varieties can be tied up within a month after planting. In varieties of the Tenderness type, which have very fragile shoots, the garter should be carried out within 10 days after planting, and in the future, the plants should be fed in a timely manner. Dwarf varieties (Winnie the Pooh) are not tied up, which reduces the cost of caring for them.

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Pepper is responsive to additional pollination, although it belongs to optional self-pollinators. Trellis shaking is especially effective. When caring for plants, all lateral shoots growing below the branching point of the main stem are removed. Yellow leaves are periodically removed, barren shoots are cut out.

When harvesting, it should be remembered that the shoots and leaves of the pepper are very fragile, they often break off, so you need to carefully harvest the fruits. They are harvested in technical ripeness, which significantly increases the yield, since the ovaries remaining on the plant and underdeveloped fruits receive more nutrients, begin to grow rapidly, and also in this case, the loss of ovaries decreases. The collection of fruits is carried out once a week, breaking off or cutting them off with a pruner. The stalks of peppers that are ready for picking break off easily.

Seeds are isolated from varieties that have reached biological ripeness, which occurs 10-15 days after the technical, that is, 40-45 days pass from the ovary. F1 hybrids are not used to obtain their seeds, since next year such seeds will split into various forms that will not at all look like the required hybrid. Seeds remain viable for 3-4 years, it is better to store them in a cool (13 … 15 ° C) and dry place.