Table of contents:
2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47
Healing infusions
- Cabbage protection
- Tomato protection
- Cucumber protection
- Natural pesticide recipes
Plants need protection from pests and diseases almost every year, but it can and should be done as environmentally friendly as possible.
I believe that those who live in the city, especially weekend gardeners, often need ready-made preparations, and those who constantly live near the site have more opportunities to use local folk remedies, for example, herbal infusions.
At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the use of chemical pesticides is considered permissible only if the number of pests is significantly exceeded, the so-called economic thresholds of harmfulness, in other words, of an economically significant number. These indicators exist for very many cultures, but, unfortunately, few are published for a wide range.
Gardener's guide
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Since vegetable growing is usually started in March, now we will talk about the protection of vegetable crops. For example, let us give the economic thresholds of harmfulness of cabbage pests.
| Early cabbage | ||
| 4-5 days after disembarking seedlings | Cruciferous flea | 3 beetles (10%) |
| Whorl (rosette) of leaves | Cruciferous flea | 10 beetles (25%) |
| Spring cabbage fly | 6 eggs (10%) | |
| Leaf whorl phase (sessile leaves form a dense rosette) | Spring cabbage fly | 5 larvae (5%) |
| Cabbage scoop | 1-2 eggs per 1 m² | |
| The beginning of the formation of a head of cabbage when it is still loose | Cabbage scoop | 2 tracks (10%) |
| 5 tracks (10%) | ||
| Medium cabbage, late | ||
| 4-5 days after disembarking seedlings | Cruciferous flea | 3 beetles (10%) |
| Cabbage fly | 6 eggs or 5 larvae (5%) | |
| Whorl (rosette) of leaves | Cabbage scoop | 4-5 eggs per 1 m² |
| Leaf whorl phase (sessile leaves form a dense rosette) | Cabbage scoop | 2 tracks (10%) |
| Cabbage and turnip white | 5 tracks (10%) | |
| Cabbage moth | also | |
Now let's move on to the plan of protective measures. I bring to the attention of gardeners a table that will guide you about when and from whom to spray the plants and what means you can use.
Cabbage protection
| Dates | Pests and diseases | Remedies | ||
| Chemical (officially approved but undesirable) | Biological preparations | Vegetable and other folk | ||
| Before sowing | Black leg Vascular bacteriosis | Spilling soil 1-3 days before sowing with one of the following preparations: Planriz, Alirin-B, Gamair. Disinfection of seeds with one of the above drugs | Disinfection of seeds by heating, soaking in an infusion of garlic, a solution of potassium permanganate | |
| Before planting seedlings | Wireworms cruciferous fleas | Zemlin, Medvetox Aktara | Nemabakt, Antonem Fitoverm | Baits Dusting with tobacco dust |
| In the phase of five true leaves or at the first signs of illness | Vascular and mucous bacteriosis | Albite | Bactofit, Fitolavin | |
| Start curling the head | Whitefly caterpillars, scoop, moths | Fury, Kinmix, Fufanon | Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin, Fitoverm | Birch bark tar, infusions of mustard, wormwood, stepchildren of tomatoes, burdock, yarrow |
| During the growing season | Aphids | Fufanon, Actellik | Fitoverm | Tobacco dust, infusion of garlic, onion |
Tomato protection
| Dates | Pests and diseases | Remedies | ||
| Chemical (officially approved but undesirable) | Biological preparations | Vegetable and other folk | ||
| 1-3 days before sowing On the day of sowing | Complex of diseases | Spillage of soil with one of such preparations as Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Gamair, Baikal EM-1. Disinfection of seeds by soaking in one of the above biological products | Warming up seeds, soaking in a solution of potassium permanganate | |
| Budding phase - the beginning of fruiting | Late blight, cladosporiosis, macrosporiosis | 1% Bordeaux mixture | 2-3 times spraying with a suspension of Alirin-B and / or Gamair with an interval of 10-14 days | Milk serum |
| Fruit formation 1-2 brushes, flowering 3-4 brushes | Late blight, powdery mildew, Alternaria | 1% Bordeaux mixture | Fitosporin, Alirin-B, Gamair. For prevention, also Baikal EM-1 | Infusion of garlic in a solution of potassium permanganate |
| Immediately after hatching of caterpillars | Caterpillar scoop | Decis Profi | Lepidotsid, Fitoverm, Baikal EM-1 (unofficial recommendation) | Tar solution, infusion of blooming wormwood |
| When a stain appears | Non Infectious Top Rot (Odorless) | Top dressing with a 0.3% solution of calcium nitrate, foliar spraying is possible on the fruits. | ||
| When black spots appear on the fruit | Bacterial spot | Spraying with Gamair | ||
Cucumber protection
| Dates | Pests and diseases | Remedies | ||
| Chemical (officially approved but undesirable) | Biological preparations | Vegetable and other folk | ||
| One month before sowing | Viral infection | Warming up dry seeds at temp. + 50 … + 52 ° С for 72 hours. | ||
| 1-3 days before sowing | Root rot pathogens | Fungicide Maxim and others. | Spillage of soil with one of such drugs as Planriz, Baikal EM-1, Fitosporin, Baktofit, Alirin-B, Gamair | |
| Just before sowing | Fungal and bacterial infection | Soaking seeds in a solution of Fitolavin and Narcissus for 2 hours. | Infusion of garlic | |
| When symptoms of damage are detected | Spider mites | Fufanon, Actellik | Fitoverm, Bitoxibacillin | Infusion of onion peel, tomato tops, dope ordinary |
| Before transplant and 10 days after transplant | Complex of fungal diseases | Watering the soil and spraying plants with a suspension of Alirin-B | ||
| In the off season | Fungal and viral infections | Greenhouse treatment with a solution of copper sulfate or Farmayod. | ||
Natural pesticide recipes
Infusion of garlic in a solution of potassium permanganate
For 10 liters of water with a temperature of + 23 … + 25 ° C take 1-1.5 cups of ground garlic in a meat grinder, 1-1.5 g of potassium permanganate and 2 tbsp. spoons of liquid soap. The mixture is thoroughly mixed, filtered and sprayed with plants, spending 0.1-0.15 liters of this liquid per bush.
Wormwood infusion
To prepare for 10 liters of hot water, take 300 g of finely chopped wormwood, 1 glass of wood ash and 2 tablespoons of liquid soap.
Infusion of tomato tops
Tomato leaves or stepsons (4 kg) are boiled for 30 minutes over low heat; chilled broth (2-3 l) is diluted in 10 l of water.
Also read:
How to use herbal preparations to combat diseases and pests of vegetables and fruit crops
Plant pesticides - advantages and disadvantages
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