How To Protect Dogs And Cats From Lice And Lice?
How To Protect Dogs And Cats From Lice And Lice?

Video: How To Protect Dogs And Cats From Lice And Lice?

Video: How To Protect Dogs And Cats From Lice And Lice?
Video: How To Get Rid Of Fleas On Your Dog or Cat Naturally 2024, March
Anonim
dog and lice
dog and lice

When you get a dog, Be smarter than your neighbor: Don't get a louse on it, And also a louse! Until recently, everything was so good! Your dog or cat delighted the eye with a thick, shiny coat, clear, cheerful eyes and an agreeable character. But recently you noticed that your friend is no longer so willing to take part in games, does not obey commands, and sleeps restlessly. The well-groomed coat faded, the animal began to eat worse, itch, intensively lick certain parts of the body. Crusts appeared on the skin, and the hair began to fall out in places. You examine the animal, notice the irritation of the integument. What is it? Maybe seasonal allergies, which animals are prone to as much as humans? And suddenly - Oh, horror! You see something small, light and moving in the fur! There is no more doubt - the animal has developed external parasites. Most often, dogs and cats, in addition to fleas,become infected with lice and lice. Unlike fleas, these insects do not have a "wanderlust" and live on their hosts permanently. How then does the infection take place? Why does a recently healthy dog suddenly have these nasty creatures? The transfer of lice and lice from one host to another occurs in several ways. First, with direct contact. This mode of transmission is most common among those animals that "walk by themselves" - stray and semi-free dogs and cats. But even if you are walking the dog on a leash, a few minutes of communication with another dog is enough, even if he also walks with the owner and looks quite respectable. There are even more opportunities for infection in summer in the country, where it is almost impossible to limit animal contacts. The second way of infection is through that dirtwhich we bring home on our shoes. Adult lice and lice are tenaciously attached to the animal's fur, but their larvae, living right there in the wool, can be shaken off onto the substrate. If stray cats live in your entrance or an animal lives in one of the apartments on your stairs, to which the owners provide freedom of movement, these parasites can live on them. Then their larvae can be easily collected on shoes on the stairs and brought into the house. In the same way, your dog will pick up these larvae on its paws. And that's all - the process has begun! Lice and lice larvae can get on the animal in the most unexpected way. Lovers of domestic rodents, who also suffer from them, bring in the larvae with purchased substrate, shavings or sawdust. Lice beetles and lice are small, up to 3 mm long, white or slightly yellowish insects. You can distinguish a louse from a louse with a magnifying glass:in lice, the head is narrower than the width of the body, in lice, on the contrary, the head is wide, and the body tapers towards the posterior end. However, the exact definition of the parasite is hardly necessary - the symptoms of infection, and the harm they cause, and the methods of treatment are similar. But the question of the specificity of these insects is of practical importance. Lice and lice of dogs and cats are strictly specific to the host species, that is, the exchange of these parasites between cats and dogs is impossible. They do not infect people either, so there is no danger to the owners when an animal is infected. Human lice, in turn, are not contagious to animals. Lice and lice constantly live in the fur of the animal. Their limbs are equipped with special claws, with the help of which they, like a clothespin, tenaciously pinch the owner's hair. Therefore, it is very difficult to remove these insects with a brush or comb. Your eggs are nits- they firmly adhere to the host hairs closer to their base. The development of these insects lasts about 3-4 weeks. With a slight infection of the lice or lice themselves, you may not find it, but you will notice light nits that look like dandruff in the coat. Unlike dandruff, nits are not shaken off or combed out of the coat.

flea dog
flea dog

Lice beetles and lice can settle on any part of the animal's body, but their favorite habitats are the upper part of the neck, withers, inner thighs, at the root of the tail. The lice feed on the host's blood and lymph. When bitten, they secrete saliva, which causes itching and is a strong allergen. Hair beetles feed mainly on detached skin particles and hairs. However, their waste products also cause allergies in animals. With allergic dermatitis, the lice begin to feed on the lymph secreted in the inflamed areas of the skin. Unlike fleas, the bites of which cause an active reaction of the immune system, leading to the fact that fleas leave such a host in healthy animals, the immunogenicity of lice and lice is much lower. Therefore, these parasites can also infect healthy animals. When affected by lice and lice, animals often begin to lick themselves, constantly scratching themselves. At the same time, dogs and cats become restless, their attention, obedience decreases, and normal sleep is disturbed. Animals begin to eat worse, lose weight, they may develop anemia. As a result of an allergic reaction, the skin begins to peel off over large areas of the body. The condition of the coat deteriorates, it becomes dull, disheveled, sticks together with skin secretions, tangles appear in long-haired animals. Bald spots gradually appear. Allergodermatitis and scratching are accompanied by secondary bacterial and fungal infections, which may require complex and long-term treatment. Against the background of an allergic reaction, immunity usually falls. Allergodermatitis is especially difficult to treat: it is very difficult to stop any allergic reaction,all the more so, against the background of an allergy to any one allergen, sensitivity (sensitization) to other allergens develops, to which the body has not previously responded. The skin is the most important regulatory system. Deterioration of the skin condition causes a blockage of sweat and sebaceous glands, a decrease in the function of heat regulation of the lining, and metabolic disorders in the body. In addition to direct harm, dog lice are intermediate hosts of cucumber tapeworm, a widespread worm. How do you protect animals from these parasites? First of all, it is important to exclude situations conducive to infection. You should limit contact between dogs while walking. Cats are domestic creatures; walks on the street are not necessary for them. After walking, immediately wash the animal's paws and any parts of the body that may have come into contact with the soil. It is necessary to ensure that street dirt does not get into the apartment, this is important to prevent infection with many parasitic diseases, and not only animals, but also people. Now let's turn to the means of protection and treatment of animals from external parasites. Many owners rely on protection with the help of antiparasitic collars. It must be said that these collars are relatively effective against fleas, they protect against lice and lice much worse. In addition to collars, in veterinary pharmacies and stores you will be offered a large selection of remedies for parasitic insects. Unfortunately, there are no ideally reliable drugs yet. At the risk of incurring the wrath of producers, I have to say that there are practically no harmless insecticides (substances that kill insects). Meanwhile,in the instructions for many veterinary drugs, their side effects are not indicated. I hope that all pet owners are aware of the toxicity of drugs such as malofos, dichlorvos and similar, recently popular drugs. Some of them are still used in insecticides for both animals and humans. You should not resort to such an archaic means as washing an animal with kerosene. Much more harmless drugs can be found nowadays. Those owners who have already had to resort to insecticides usually know which ones of their animals are best tolerated. Those who have recently acquired a fluffy family member face a problem - how to protect it from fleas, lice and lice with the least harm to health. Usually firms that produce insecticidal preparations for veterinary use,simultaneously offer a whole range of products - zooshampoos, collars, powders, sprays and spot-on preparations, which are applied directly to the animal's skin, absorbed and then gradually released onto the skin surface, protecting it. There are special means for the destruction of parasitic insect larvae in the house. Such a variety of means is fully justified - only an integrated approach can reliably protect the animal. It is usually recommended to first wash the animal with an antiparasitic shampoo, and then put the collar on it. Antiparasitic collars are more effective on smooth-haired animals than on long-haired ones. It is recommended to additionally periodically treat such animals with powders or sprays. It must be remembered that most insecticidal preparations destroy adult insects and their larvae. At the same time, nits do not die, therefore, if insects are found, such treatments have to be repeated. Most often, synthetic pyrethroids, organophosphorus compounds and carbamates are used as active ingredients in modern insecticidal agents. Pyrethroids - stomozan, entomosan, perkinin, butox, cyfluthrin (solfax), permitrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate - have side neurotoxic effects. It turned out that cats are more sensitive to the toxic effects of pyrethroids than dogs. Therefore, veterinarians do not recommend pyrethroid remedies for them. Pyrethroids decompose at temperatures above 22 ° C, they are most effective at temperatures below 20 ° C. Pyrethroids have a detrimental effect on fish, so if there is an aquarium in the house, it must be carefully closed during the treatment of the animal with pyrethroids. Organophosphate insecticides - diazinon, dimpilat, fenthion - also have neurotoxic, hepatotoxic and allergenic effects. Propoxur is the most commonly used carbamate compound in veterinary medicine. This substance is good at killing parasitic insects. However, in animals, it causes irritation of the mucous membranes, salivation. And, since the treated animal will most likely lick after this, intestinal inflammation is not excluded, since this is also a mucous membrane. Propoxur is able to accumulate in the body, therefore it is prohibited for use in farm animals. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances.hepatotoxic and allergenic effect. Propoxur is the most commonly used carbamate compound in veterinary medicine. This substance kills parasitic insects well. However, in animals, it causes irritation of the mucous membranes, salivation. And, since the treated animal will most likely lick after this, intestinal inflammation is not excluded, since this is also a mucous membrane. Propoxur is able to accumulate in the body, therefore it is prohibited for use in farm animals. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances.hepatotoxic and allergenic effect. Propoxur is the most commonly used carbamate compound in veterinary medicine. This substance kills parasitic insects well. However, in animals, it causes irritation of the mucous membranes, salivation. And, since the treated animal will most likely lick after this, intestinal inflammation is not excluded, since this is also a mucous membrane. Propoxur is able to accumulate in the body, therefore it is prohibited for use in farm animals. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances. However, in animals, it causes irritation of the mucous membranes, salivation. And, since the treated animal will most likely lick after this, intestinal inflammation is not excluded, since this is also a mucous membrane. Propoxur is able to accumulate in the body, therefore it is prohibited for use in farm animals. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances. However, in animals, it causes irritation of the mucous membranes, salivation. And, since the treated animal will most likely lick after this, intestinal inflammation is not excluded, since this is also a mucous membrane. Propoxur is able to accumulate in the body, therefore it is prohibited for use in farm animals. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances. If you have used propoxur-based preparations for some time, it is advisable to periodically switch to remedies based on other active substances.

dog and parasites
dog and parasites

All these products are not recommended for young animals under 2 months old, pregnant and lactating animals. Animal insecticides should be kept out of the reach of children. Carbamates and organophosphorus decompose in the light with the formation of substances that are highly toxic to animals and humans. Another substance used in insecticidal products, amitraza, is most effective against ticks; it is much weaker against lice and lice. Amitraza is toxic to cats, so drugs with other active ingredients should be chosen for them. Amitraza causes drowsiness, heart rhythm disturbances, and a decrease in body temperature. It is very important that amitraza causes an increase in blood sugar levels, therefore these drugs should not be used to treat dogs with diabetes. With obvious signs of intoxication with amitraz, a specific antidote is used - antipamezole (antisedan). Some popular insecticidal agents include imidacloprid. It is a blocker of nerve impulses in insects, and in the dosage included in the preparations, it is harmless to warm-blooded animals. However, one "but" is still there. This substance is poorly soluble in water or fatty solvents; an active organic solvent is used to dissolve it. It is he who is toxic to the body. It must be said that most insecticides are poorly soluble in water or fats, therefore aggressive organic solvents are used to dissolve them. They are especially often used in aerosols. All organic solvents are toxic, especially to the liver. They are able to be absorbed into the body through the skin. During the treatment of the animal with such drugs, the owners are advised not to smoke (since they are also flammable), not to drink or eat, and to use a respirator and rubber gloves. After finishing work, it is recommended to wash your hands with soap and water. If such precautions are recommended for humans, it is clear that these agents are not harmless to animals either. Therefore, when handling animals, it is recommended to cover their muzzle. Considering that you need to soak all the fur to the base and allow the preparation to dry, and if the animal is large, closing the muzzle can turn into a long and painful struggle with your pet. Recently, among veterinary drugs, we have products containing ivermectin. They are convenient in that they simultaneously kill both external and some internal parasites. However, ivermectin is also toxic. It turned outthat collies, bearded collies, bobtails and shelties are especially sensitive to it, cases of their death from toxic shock after the use of these drugs have been recorded. Ivermectin formulations are available in spot-on, syrup and injectable form. The first two forms are less toxic, but also less effective. Intramuscular injections are more persistent, but also more toxic. The main signs of ivermectin poisoning are dilated pupils, impaired motor coordination, lack of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, salivation, and convulsions. Its use during pregnancy causes the birth of offspring with an open hard palate. Ivermectin is a synthetic analogue of avermectin, a very effective antiparasitic natural substance. Veterinary pharmaceuticals are constantly working on the development of new substances with a minimum of side effects, each next generation of drugs is more effective and safer than the previous one. Recently, a new substance from the class of synthetic avermectins has appeared - selamectin. It is practically harmless to adult animals. Selamectin is not used for animals younger than 2 months. Another synthetic avermectin, milbemycin, is undergoing clinical trials. It is hoped that drugs based on it will be reliable and low-toxic. A completely new active ingredient is fipronil, which is part of some imported and domestic insecticides. To date, numerous studies of the effect of fipronil on the animal organism have not revealed any side effects of this substance. This is the only drug with a broad antiparasitic effect, which is recommended even for young animals from the first days of birth. For adult animals, the drug is produced in the form of "spot-on", it is recommended to spray kittens and puppies with the already mentioned precautions - covering the animal's face, and also avoiding inhalation of the drug by the person handling it. Since the alcohol in these sprays as a solvent is more toxic to kittens than to puppies, some veterinarians still do not recommend using them on kittens younger than 2 months old. I talked about the side effects of insecticidal medications so that owners have a clear idea of what they may face when treating their animals. The instructions for the drug must necessarily indicatewhat active substance is used in it. If such information is not available, it is better not to buy the drug. Be sure to keep the instructions from the drugs, as you may face long-term consequences of their exposure. In this case, it will be important for the veterinarian to know which insecticides have been used. Cat owners should remember that these animals are more sensitive to many insecticides than dogs. The best way to fight parasites is to prevent them, this is especially true for animals prone to allergic reactions. Allergic reactions can cause both parasite bites and the use of means to combat them. There is no need to overuse insecticidal preparations without good reason. If parasites appear, the animal will have to be treated. Particular care should be taken when treating animals with chronic liver and kidney diseases, metabolism, and the elderly. Outbred animals, as a rule, are less sensitive to the action of pharmaceutical and chemical reagents. If you have an expensive pedigree animal, you need to be careful when choosing a drug. Since susceptibility to certain substances is usually genetically determined, it is useful to consult with your animal's breeder or the owners of his immediate family. As a rule, it is possible to select an effective and harmless drug for each animal. Since susceptibility to certain substances is usually genetically determined, it is useful to consult with your animal's breeder or the owners of his immediate family. As a rule, it is possible to select an effective and harmless drug for each animal. Since susceptibility to certain substances is usually genetically determined, it is useful to consult with your animal's breeder or the owners of his immediate family. As a rule, it is possible to select an effective and harmless drug for each animal.

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