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2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47
Kingdom of roses
Finally, this joyful and long-awaited event happened: on September 1 in the Main Botanical Garden named after N. V. Tsitsin (Moscow) after reconstruction the famous rose garden was reopened.
This rose garden was founded back in 1961 (exactly 50 years ago) on the initiative of the director of the botanical garden, academician N. V. Tsitsin and the domestic rose breeder I. I. Shtanko (well-known varieties to rose growers are Morning of Moscow, Yasnaya Polyana and others).
About 10 thousand rose bushes were planted on a plot of about 2 hectares, surrounded by an old oak grove that was once part of the Ostankino Sheremetevs' estate.
The roses placed in the classic design style found themselves in an ideal microclimate: a favorable position relative to the cardinal points (terraced slope of the eastern exposure), protection from cold winds from all directions by large trees, increased air humidity due to two reservoirs, a cascade and fountains.
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At that time about 200 varieties of roses were presented in the rose garden. These were the most beautiful and most stable cultivars that successfully passed tests on the collection sites of the Main Botanical Garden (in total, the collection contained more than 5 thousand varieties, represented by more than twenty thousand specimens).
In Soviet times, the rose garden was the pride of the Botanical Garden, its most beautiful pearl. Visitors with great pleasure walked along the paths, enjoying the beauty and aromas of roses, admiring the sparkling sun glare and the murmur of water in the fountains, marveling at the height and slenderness of the silhouette of the nearby Ostankino TV tower.
This continued until 1996, when the administration of the garden was forced to close the rose garden due to insufficient funding. They began to restore it only 12 years later - in 2008. During this time, the collection of roses in the Botanical Garden has decreased more than four times - to 1180 varieties.
In the rose garden, drainage, water supply and electrical systems were repaired, and in April 2011, roses were planted, donated by the world's leading breeding companies - rose growers: Meilland (France), W. Kordes Sohne (Germany), Rosen Welt Tantau (Germany) and nursery of Canadian frost-resistant roses Rosarium.
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Now the restored rose garden contains 5,800 rose bushes of more than 500 varieties. Here we tried to collect the maximum number of groups of garden roses - from the most common (hybrid tea, floribunda, ground cover, miniature, park) to exotic (noisette, tea, Portland, rugosa rose hybrids).
Together, they speak of a six thousand year history of roses and are divided into three thematic zones. In the historical zone, there are iconic varieties that were important in the breeding of this culture (for example, the world's first variety of hybrid tea roses La France, 10 varieties of domestic selection).
In the modern zone, which is the largest in area and occupies the main part of the rose garden, as you might guess, modern varieties of roses from the world's leading breeding schools are located. The park zone, still in the stage of formation, will represent a long promenade through a century-old oak grove with planted species and park roses.
Despite the fact that the renewed rose garden was opened only in the fall, roses bloom profusely in it already in the first year of planting, surprising with the variety of their shapes, sizes, textures, shades and aromas. This gives us hope that every year the rose garden will become more and more beautiful.
Background: the establishment of the Russian Academy of Sciences - the Main Botanical Garden named after V. I. N. V. Tsitsina was founded in 1945 on an area of over 330 hectares. At present, in his collection in open and protected ground, there are more than 10 thousand species, subspecies, varieties and forms of plants, as well as more than 7 thousand varieties.
The exposition of plants of natural flora located on the territory of the garden, an exposition of ornamental plants, an exposition of cultivated plants and their wild relatives, an arboretum, a Japanese garden, a heather garden, a stock greenhouse are of great interest for visitors.
The authors are grateful to the project coordinator for the restoration of the rose garden, Ksenia Surina, for her help in preparing the article.
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