Drought-resistant Ornamental Trees And Shrubs

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

What ornamental plants tolerate a lack of moisture

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So, since the title of the article "Drought-resistant garden", in my opinion, a few words should be said about the very concept of "drought" - this is a long period with insufficient precipitation, which is most dangerous for plants at high temperatures and low air humidity.

Droughts have recently become a common occurrence in many regions of Russia and the CIS countries. Droughts are always accompanied by long periods without rain with a strong decrease in the relative humidity of the air, soil and an increase in air temperature. And it is natural that during such periods the normal need of plants for water is not provided.

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So, it follows that the most painful phenomena are high temperature and low humidity, therefore, plants for arranging a drought-resistant garden should be selected based on their degree of resistance to high temperatures and low air humidity. I will give examples and a brief description of the most drought-resistant ornamental trees and shrubs:

Yellow acacia

Yellow acacia. A well-known plant to all. It is undemanding to the soil, but achieves better development on fresh sandy loam. Old plants absolutely do not need feeding. It perfectly tolerates dry air and soil. Needs a systematic double pruning, without which the plant is heavily exposed in the lower tier.

Aralia. An original shrub with straight, unbranched trunks covered with large thorns. The leaves are very large, up to one meter long, double or triple pinnate. Small, creamy white fragrant flowers are collected in complex paniculate inflorescences. Aralia is light-requiring, undemanding to soil and moisture, tolerates transplantation well, but fragile roots require caution. Aralia is used both in single and in group plantings to create truly impenetrable hedges.

Birch. Needs no introduction. It is better to plant it in sunny or slightly shaded places. It is not very demanding on soil fertility and the proximity of groundwater. Grows well on fresh loam and sandy loam. It is advisable to carry out sanitary and formative pruning in early spring, but always before the start of sap flow.

Euonymus

Euonymus. Shrubs with spectacular fruits - leathery, winged or prickly bolls of red or purple color. The seeds are partially or completely covered with fleshy, brightly colored seedlings. They are unpretentious, shade-tolerant. They prefer good breathable humous, neutral or slightly alkaline soils.

City conditions, pruning and transplanting well. Often affected by aphids and euonymus moth. Usage: tapeworms, group plantings, hedges, rockeries, retaining walls. It should be noted that almost all types of euonymus are poisonous.

Privet. Deciduous or evergreen shrubs. The fruit is a berry-like drupe. Plants are drought-resistant, frost-hardy, put up with different types of soils, grow well on soils containing lime, and even tolerate slight salinity. They grow well in urban conditions, cut well, forming dense, shape-retaining hedges and various shapes. Usage: tapeworms, group and curb plantings, hedges.

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Action. Beautifully flowering shrub with opposite leaves and numerous flowers. They prefer well-fertilized moist soil and sunny places. Drought-resistant, resistant to gases and smoke, almost not affected by pests. Need regular feeding. When pruning, remember that flowers are laid on the shoots of the previous year. Usage: tapeworms, not shearing hedges, group planting, in curbs (dwarf forms).

Oak. A well-known plant. Photophilous and picky about the richness of the soil, very drought-resistant and has exceptional longevity. Having a deep tap root system, it is also wind-resistant, which is very valuable in urban conditions.

Karagan

Karagan. Deciduous shrubs, sometimes small trees. All species have stipules, modified into styloid appendages or spines. Flowers are typically moth type.

Fruits are pods with seeds. These shrubs are frost-hardy, light-requiring, but can grow in light partial shade, drought-resistant, undemanding to soils, tolerate even their weak salinity. Grow well even in highly polluted air. Usage: hedges, tapeworms (first of all, standard forms).

Cotoneaster. Deciduous or evergreen slow-growing shrub with dark green, most often shiny leaves. They are not very demanding on soil and moisture, for the most part they are frost-resistant and gas-resistant. They lend themselves well to forming, therefore they are often used as hedges. Old bushes are easily rejuvenated by radical pruning. Deciduous species are pruned in February, evergreens in April. Usage: tapeworms, hedges, rockeries.

Siberian larch

Siberian larch. A powerful tree, reaching a height of forty meters, with a narrow pyramidal crown, which subsequently (with age) becomes round. It is durable, frost-resistant, photophilous, wind-resistant, undemanding to soil and air moisture. The most valuable breed for group, alley, single plantings. Very good in combination with birch, mountain ash, maple, linden, spruce, fir, Siberian cedar, juniper and rhododendrons.

Loch. Small deciduous and evergreen trees or shrubs with beautiful silvery shoots and leaves, fragrant flowers, drupes. They are unpretentious, light-requiring, drought-resistant, good honey plants. Due to the presence on the roots of nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, they are breeds that improve the soil, capable of growing in extremely poor lands. Winter hardiness. They tolerate city conditions well. Usage: tapeworms, group plantings, hedges.

Luiseania. Very flowering shrubs, sometimes incorrectly called sakura. Bloom before the leaves open in the first half of May. Winter hardiness. Not demanding on soils, but prefer fresh fertile soils. Easy to transplant, resistant to drought, pests and diseases. During the flowering period, they are demanding on moisture. Usage: tapeworms, group planting on the lawn, against the background of conifers, in the standard culture.

Locust

Locust. A well-known plant with high drought resistance. It is not very demanding on soil fertility and moisture, but on damp and heavy soils it often suffers from frost. Prefers sandy loam soils, can tolerate salinity. It tolerates pruning and transplanting well.

Rose flower. Shrubs from 20 cm to 1.2 m high with high decorative qualities. Unlike wild (so-called rose hips) and historical, modern roses most often have a renovation and bloom all season. Photophilous. They grow well on moderately moist, loamy soils, but they do not tolerate waterlogging. They require good care, regular feeding, shelter for the winter in the conditions of central Russia. Most species and varieties need pruning before hibernation. Usage: tapeworms, group plantings, hedges, rose gardens, curbs.

Lilac. Deciduous, rarely evergreen shrub with opposite, simple leaves. Flowers are bisexual, fragrant, bell-shaped. The color of the flowers is varied - from white to purple and purple. Flowers are collected in apical paniculate inflorescences. Lilacs are resistant to dust and air pollution, frost-resistant, drought-resistant, not demanding on soil. Usage: single and group plantings, hedges, near water bodies.

Scumpia

Scumpia. Large deciduous trees or shrubs. The most decorative during the period of fruit ripening, when paniculate inflorescences become grayish-violet or pinkish due to overgrown, densely pubescent pedicels. This creates the impression of an extraordinary colored wig or air cloud, for which the plant is called a wig tree. Young plants begin to bloom in the 4th or 5th year. They require a sunny location, fertile, well-drained soils, mandatory lime application. They tolerate city conditions well. Drought and heat resistant. Usage: spectacular tapeworms.

Snowberry. Deciduous shrub with showy large white or pink fruits that persist throughout winter.

They grow quickly, are unpretentious, light-requiring, prefer calcareous soils. They tolerate haircuts, shaping and city conditions well. Winter hardiness. Usage: tapeworms, group plantings, hedges, curbs.

So, all of these ornamental plants are distinguished by a high degree of drought resistance and can be successfully cultivated in conditions of moisture deficit.

Read the next part. Drought-resistant fruit trees and shrubs →