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Video: Planting And Breeding Sea Buckthorn. Sea Buckthorn Varieties And Its Beneficial Properties
2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47
Bunches of amber vitamin. Part 2
Read the first part of the article: Growing sea buckthorn in the North-West region
Planting sea buckthorn
It is planted in early spring in April or May. They do not prepare deep planting holes for it, they simply dig up the soil on a shovel bayonet on an area of 1x1m. A bucket of humus is added to loams or clay and two buckets of coarse sand under each plant are added and dug together with the soil.
For planting, it is best to take one-year-old seedlings about 40 cm high. They are planted at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. A shallow hole is made in the dug soil, the roots are spread in it and covered with sand. Water and add a small layer of soil (10-12 cm) on top. The root collar is buried into the soil by 3-5 cm when planting, since sea buckthorn is able to give adventitious roots from the trunk. Care consists in regular watering.
Sea buckthorn easily tolerates transplants for the first two years, but after three years of age it should not be transplanted. For the first three to four years, the aerial part practically does not grow, but the root system grows rapidly, and as soon as it develops well, then in one summer the aerial part will grow up to a meter or more in height and at the end of summer it will lay flower buds. The plants will give their first harvest next year.
Fruiting plants are fed with phosphorus and potassium once a summer at the time of ovary growth (2 tablespoons of double granular superphosphate and 1 tablespoon of chlorine-free potassium, diluted in 10 liters of water, add 2 teaspoons of uniflor-micro and pour under one plant) … Instead of these fertilizers, you can apply once every three years one tablespoon without top of the AVA fertilizer, which is embedded in the topsoil along the perimeter of the crown of each sea buckthorn.
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Reproduction of sea buckthorn
The easiest way to propagate it is by basal offspring. One of them should be taken, which is at a distance of at least two meters from the trunk, so as not to cause great harm to the root system of the mother plant. With a shovel placed across the direction of the line the offspring - the mother plant, cut the root from the side of the adult tree. Then they dig up the entire severed root, take it out of the soil along with the offspring and transplant it to a prepared place, slightly shortening the root. Since the offspring immediately has its own well-developed root system, it blooms in the second year.
Sea buckthorn is well cut, and it is most often propagated this way. In early May, you can cut cuttings from last year's growths with a length and thickness of a pencil. And you can cuttings with green cuttings taken from the growth of the current year in early August. The lower cut is made obliquely, and the upper cut is made straight. The leaves are removed from the cuttings and placed in an oblique cut for 5 days in a root solution or in plain water. After that, the lower obliquely cut end is inserted into a layer of sand poured onto a fertile soil layer. Cuttings are planted obliquely, watered well and covered with jars or halves of plastic bottles. You can install arcs and stretch the film over them. The main thing is that the cuttings are in the shade. Two or three times a day, the shelter is raised without touching the cuttings, the plants are sprayed and the soil is moistened.
As soon as new leaves have appeared, the stalk has taken root, the shelter above it can be removed. It is left to winter in a cuticle until spring without any shelter, and in May it is transplanted into place. Sea buckthorn can be propagated by layering. To do this, one of the lower branches is bent to the ground, pinned, poured wet soil onto the pinned place and covered with a film so that this soil does not dry out. The end of the branch lies freely on the ground, it is not shortened.
The branch should be rooted no closer than a meter from the trunk of the mother plant, so as not to damage its roots. This is done in the spring, and a year later the plants are transplanted, separating part of the branch from the mother trunk. Such a plant blooms in the year of transplantation.
There is no point in propagating sea buckthorn by seeds, because the variety splits in the offspring and, as a rule, seedlings do not inherit parental properties. About 60% of the seedlings turn out to be wild birds with highly developed thorns.
Sea buckthorn has practically no pests. Shoot aphids occasionally attack in early summer. She has no diseases, except for one incurable disease called wilt (verticillary wilting). Unfortunately, in our North-West, wilt is quite common. The disease manifests itself in the wilting of berries. They shrink, become sour and dry out. A branch with such berries must be cut into a ring (at the very trunk, without touching the trunk tissue and without leaving a hemp from the branch). If in subsequent years such branches appear, then it is necessary to cut the tree down to the very root, and even better uproot it and burn it.
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Sea buckthorn varieties
Dar Katun and Golden Cob are the most winter-hardy varieties. They give a good harvest, but the berries are quite small, with a wet separation. The varieties of Altai selection Abilnaya, Excellent, Chuiskaya, Oranzhevaya have tasty, large berries with a long stalk, but, unfortunately, they are less winter-hardy and not resistant to wilt. Sea buckthorn variety Vitaminnaya is not resistant to wilt, has medium-sized berries, rather sour, wet separation. The advantage is that it is an early variety.
The largest berries with a dry separation are of the medium-ripening variety Velikan. But it is not wilt resistant. Variety Popular, medium ripening, resistant to wilt, its berries with a medium-sized wet separation. Vorobievskaya and Botanicheskaya - varieties created in the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University, have large berries of good taste on a long stem with a dry separation, quite resistant to wilt.
There is a variety of sea buckthorn without thorns, created in Gorky. It's called Shcherbinka. Unfortunately, this variety is completely unsuitable for the climatic conditions of the Northwest. It is mainly used for breeding purposes because of its mediocre taste and small size. For the North-West of Russia, the most suitable varieties are: Botanical amateur, Gift to the garden, Trofimovskaya, Chuiskaya, Moscow pineapple, Nivelena, Perchik's hybrid, Alei, Olive, Abundant, Otradnaya, Dar Katun, Golden ear.
Useful properties of sea buckthorn
Sea buckthorn berries are extremely useful. They contain a complete set of vitamins, almost all organic acids and a large amount of biologically active substances. Sea buckthorn leaves contain even more nutrients than berries. They can be dried by harvesting in early summer. They are stored for two years in a closed glass jar. Dry or fresh leaves are brewed like tea. It is useful to drink it in the morning, as a tonic and high-vitamin remedy. From the mass left after tea, you can make lotions and poultices for articular rheumatism and gout.
Jelly and juice from sea buckthorn berries keep fresh until spring all the vitamins and nutrients with tonic properties, so it is advisable to use juice and jelly in the morning. Sea buckthorn is very useful for fast fatigability, vitamin deficiency, low pressure, especially in spring.
It is recommended to wash your hair with a decoction of branches together with leaves in case of baldness and severe hair loss. Decoction of seeds is a good laxative.
The oil is used to heal wounds, ulcers, burns, frostbite, with a runny nose and tracheitis. Sea buckthorn oil regenerates tissues, including liver tissue, in particular, after alcohol intoxication. In addition, sea buckthorn oil regulates fat metabolism, reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood, and prevents the development of atherosclerosis.
And, as mentioned above, sea buckthorn juice and oil inhibit the growth of tumors, including malignant ones. However, there are also contraindications. Juice and berries should not be consumed by people with stomach ulcers or gastritis with high acidity. These restrictions do not apply to sea buckthorn oil.
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