What To Do For Gardeners And Truck Farmers In August
What To Do For Gardeners And Truck Farmers In August

Video: What To Do For Gardeners And Truck Farmers In August

Video: What To Do For Gardeners And Truck Farmers In August
Video: 6 Crops to Plant in August for Late Summer Harvest 🌿🍅🥒 2024, March
Anonim
harvest
harvest

This month there is a lot of everything: gardening and vegetable gardening, harvesting and using the crop, protecting plants from pests and diseases, preparing storage facilities for the winter period.

In dry weather in the first decade of the month, watering of mid-season varieties of fruit trees and late varieties of berry trees is started so that they, while accumulating crops, do not suffer from severe dehydration themselves.

They impregnate the soil to a depth of at least 50-60 cm. For high-quality gradual watering, experienced gardeners resort to the following technique.

Small holes are made in the walls of a long piece of rubber hose, rolled into a ring (its ends are inserted into each other) with a diameter of 1.5 m around the trunk of the plant, at equal distances. Then this ring is connected through a hose to the plumbing system and low power water is allowed through the tap. Unlike a regular jet from a hose, water does not erode the soil with roots, so there is no need to dig circular grooves around a tree or bush: moisture is absorbed evenly without flooding the neck of the tree; and then no soil crust forms. By adjusting the water flow rate, this system can be left unattended until the necessary soil saturation, until the plant is properly watered.

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For economical watering of berries, so-called drip irrigation is used: plastic bottles (1.5-2 liters) with tightly closed plugs in a horizontal position are installed under each bush. On the side they have holes (2x2cm) through which these containers are filled, and in places of close contact with the ground in bottles, small holes are made with a sharp object through which water will come out. They also use these containers (without a bottom for pouring water), installing them in an upright state - closed with a plug down, but with a very small hole in it. Poured cold water, slowly seeping, heats up in containers, so watering is done with warm water. Instead of water, nutrient solutions of mineral fertilizers can be placed in containers.

If a bountiful harvest of fruit is expected, then supports are installed under the fruit trees and their strength is constantly checked to avoid breakage of the branches under the weight of the fruit. There is also a collection of late or remontant strawberry varieties. If the weather is dry, then it is imperative to water the plants at the root (at the rate of 10 l / m²) in order to help them, as they spend a lot of energy on fruiting.

harvest
harvest

In August, they begin to harvest the fruits of early varieties of apple and pear, taking into account that the period for the realization of this crop is relatively short, and the fruits are stored for no more than three weeks, even in the refrigerator. According to experienced gardeners, in order to better preserve the taste of the fruits, they should be removed 5-7 days before they are fully ripe.

On the old strawberry plantation this month, one should not forget to remove the whiskers and weeds, cut out the remains of peduncles and yellowed old lower leaves, and also put away the bedding and stands for berries in time for storage. The condition of the plants is positively affected by feeding them under the root with a solution of iso- or nitroammofoska (0.3-0.5 l / bush).

According to many experts, the optimal time for laying a strawberry plantation is spring. But it goes quite well in the summer - autumn period (August 15 - September 10, optimally - the first decades of August). It is necessary that, when planting, the gardener should have at least 3-4 weeks of relatively warm weather in stock before the onset of stable frosts: the strawberries should take root qualitatively, its root system should work, and the ground mass should form several young leaves. When planting early varieties, the bushes are planted, taking 60x15 cm for each, and for later ones - 60x20 cm; at the same time, they do not forget about the complex application of organic and mineral fertilizers, they are actively watered.

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harvest
harvest

After picking the berries, it is useful to process the raspberry bushes over the leaves with a solution of superphosphate and potassium sulfate (two tablespoons per bucket of water), pouring 2-3 liters per bush. This foliar feeding will contribute to the successful overwintering of its plants. When root feeding of currants and gooseberries (before the autumn digging of the soil), good results are obtained if a mixture of 1.5-2 kg of compost, 20-30 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride is added under each bush.

Under fruit and berry bushes, which finish their growing season, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, which contribute to the successful completion of growth and ripening of tree shoots, their overwintering. In the last two weeks of summer, you can start breeding the most valuable varieties of red and white currants. For this purpose, cuttings are used only from healthy plants.

In August, the most active picking and harvesting of cucumbers, harvesting of early cabbage begins. If during the first week there is no rain (or precipitation will be insignificant), cabbage (mid-season and late varieties) is watered once a week, using at least 5 liters per plant. It is very important to take care of watering, since in the absence of sufficient moisture in the soil (especially in dry July) the forks will form small and loose.

Plants periodically huddle, and the aisles are loosened, but they try not to lose excess moisture in the soil. After cutting off the central head of broccoli and a head of cabbage from early maturing cabbage, some gardeners carry out additional feeding and abundant watering, followed by hilling the plants. This stimulation of dormant buds in the axils of the lower leaves of these vegetable crops allows for a small additional yield.

harvest
harvest

In the first weeks of August, they begin selective harvesting (as soon as they are ready) heads of medium cabbage varieties. In the middle of the month, you can feed the plants of late varieties of cabbage, using an aqueous solution of a mixture of mineral (nitroammofosk) and organic (mullein, bird droppings) fertilizers - 0.5 liters per plant.

At this time, it is not too late, if necessary, to treat late cabbage plants (harvesting in late September - early October) with solutions of chemical or biological preparations against caterpillars of harmful butterflies, for example, cabbage scoop. Stepchildren are constantly removed from tomato bushes, if necessary, pinch the growth point. It is advisable to periodically feed its plants with a weak solution of urea (1 tablespoon / 10 l) - 0.5 l each under a bush; do not forget about regular airing of the greenhouse.

In the third decade of August, an active picking of tomatoes is already underway, which, if there is a danger of late blight, it is advisable to remove unripe (whitened). They are ripened by placing dry on straw or some kind of fabric (preferably in one layer) in a well-ventilated room, periodically choosing ripe and rotten fruits. Tomato fruits ripen very well, put in woolen socks according to "grandmother's recipes".

In pepper plants, fruit-bearing shoots are removed; feed (0.5 liters per bush, under the root) with a mixture of azophoska and ash - a tablespoon per bucket of water.

Having chosen cloudy weather or in the late afternoon, they carry out top dressing in a greenhouse with cucumber plants. Positive results are obtained by processing it both on the leaves - with a solution of urea (0.1%), and at the root - 0.5 liters of a mixture of urea, potassium sulfate and simple superphosphate (0.15-0.2%, 0.25% and 0.3% respectively). Cucumber plants are watered in a timely manner, if necessary, fertile soil is poured onto the stem and are not late in harvesting greenery.

Zucchini are watered, produced every other day (3-5 l / bush). Some gardeners practice in the second decade of August removing 2-3 leaves from squash plants, which improves the illumination of the main foliage, and also destroys all diseased leaves. The harvesting of zucchini fruits begins when they reach a length of 15-25 cm.

In dry weather, watering the carrots abundantly is especially important. It is carried out every 5-7 days, using 9-10 liters of water for each square meter of the garden. Carrots should also be fed with a solution of nitrophoska (0.2%) at a consumption rate of 10l / m², after spilling the garden bed with plenty of water to avoid scalding the root system. If necessary, these beds are loosened to a depth of 10-12 cm, and in dry weather - by 3-5 cm.

Closer to the second decade of August, the upper part of the leaves of the garlic is tied "in a knot", thus accelerating the outflow of nutrients into the underground part (this will improve the storage of the bulbs in winter). It is recommended to start cleaning its heads with yellowing and lodging of the leaves, and the leaf mass can be partially cut off beforehand.

Closer to the third decade of August, watering of the onion is stopped, for faster ripening of its bulbs, the plants are sometimes lifted with a pitchfork or the root system is trimmed with a flat cutter or a small spatula. At the same time, they begin to plant the bulbs of the multi-tiered onion.

harvest
harvest

Watering beet plants every 5-7 days (10-12 l / m²) can be combined with its thinning, while leaving no more than 7-8 cm between the plants. Withering, yellowing and dying off of old beet leaves indicates the need to feed the plants with potassium chloride (30-40 g / m²).

If yellowed leaves appear on the parsley, it will not hurt to spill the beds abundantly with water, and then loosen the row spacing. Such an agricultural practice promotes the formation of new foliage in plants. Small ovary, flowers, yellowing leaves are removed from the pumpkin; cover its plants with lutrasil or other suitable material for this purpose.

By the end of the third decade of August, the last cut of dill, parsley, tarragon and other spicy plants is made: one part of the greens is used for marinades and fresh consumption, the other can be dried for the winter. Before drying, the leaves are sorted out, yellowed, damaged and rotten are removed, rinsed with cold water, dried in the shade and cut to a length of 1-2 cm. Dried in the oven (at low heat, temperature 40-50 ° C and open door) for 2-3 hours, stirring occasionally.

harvest
harvest

After harvesting vegetable crops and early potatoes, after weeding of weeds and pruning of fruit and berry crops, various plant residues accumulate every day. They do not need to be burned, but rather used for composting. It can also contain withered leaves, flowers, fruit waste, shavings, as well as household waste (rags, leather, paper, kitchen leftovers, etc.). Small waste - leaves, small grass that do not require grinding, are placed immediately in a compost heap, and large branches, stems, bark are ground with an ax. Everything is put in one common pile, which is covered as tightly as possible from base to top with plastic wrap. For this, roofing felt, roofing felt or other covering material are also used.

In the absence of a solid piece of film, you can use several small pieces of it to cover the heap, which are overlapped on the heap (in the corners the pieces are pressed against each other with bricks or stones). In a properly prepared heap, a rather high temperature is created inside such waste, which allows plant material to decompose more quickly. Sometimes such a heap is prepared immediately, and more often it is replenished periodically, not forgetting to carefully wrap it up again.

Once a week, the compost heap is poured abundantly with water (preferably from a watering can) through a small hole made on top, or one of the corners of the plastic film pressed by the load is lifted. After watering, the hole must be tightly closed. In such a simple "structure" the compost matures and reaches its optimal state within 5-7 months (depending on its composition and weather conditions). There is a sufficient flow of oxygen through the film, therefore microorganisms of the most diverse nature will be fully involved in the "preparation" of the compost and it will not sour. The compost is made in the form of a semi-buried pit with a height (up to 1-1.2 m), the bottom and walls of which are well rammed.

To prevent valuable substances from being washed out of the compost heap by rainfall, you can put a layer of clay 20-25 cm thick on its bottom. Sometimes gardeners arrange to collect material for processing into compost in a large container with stationary walls, for example, in a metal box without a bottom, which excludes rodents access there.

It does not hurt to remind gardeners of the importance of preliminary (10-12 days before harvesting potatoes) trimming its tops with subsequent removal from the site. Thanks to this simple agricultural technique, it is excluded that late blight spores are washed off the soil surface and get onto the tubers. After this procedure, the tubers begin to intensively cork the peel, which contributes to the subsequent successful storage of the crop.

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