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Petrovsky Vegetable Garden In Strelna, Part 2
Petrovsky Vegetable Garden In Strelna, Part 2

Video: Petrovsky Vegetable Garden In Strelna, Part 2

Video: Petrovsky Vegetable Garden In Strelna, Part 2
Video: Испытание "Овощной сад 20 квадратных футов" - на возвышении, часть 2 2024, March
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Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna
Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna

At this time, a large greenhouse was built, which regularly supplied the imperial table with fruits and vegetables. At the source of the Port Canal, two water mills were built, and for the carp brought from Prussia, the Karpiev pond was arranged. The first surviving garden inventory dates back to 1733.

Then on the territory of the Strelna estate there were 3,100 apple trees, 50 pears, 125 cherries, 200 gooseberry bushes and 400 bushes of lilac, jasmine and roses, and according to the inventory of 1736: "… the flower beds near the house of E. I. V. were planted with a buxbom (i.e.. boxwood) in the middle places along the ridges were planted with different roots tulips daffodils and other young trees cut by pyramids 30 trees ".

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During the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, everything French became extremely fashionable, and therefore lettuce and radish salads, first brought by her father in 1711, appear on the beds of the Strelna vegetable garden. Strelninskaya estate in its lifetime has experienced many ups and downs, and therefore I want to talk about one of the best periods of its history in more detail.

Strelna manor until 1797, when it, with all the lands belonging to it, was presented by Emperor Paul I to his son, Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, was in an extremely neglected state. Keeping the traditions of Peter the Great, the Grand Duke wished to return Strelna to its primeval beauty. The estate manager, member of the Free Economic Society, G. Engelman, supervised the reconstruction of the garden and park complex and the construction of utility services.

In his book, P. P. Svinin assessed his work as follows: “His Highness entrusted the renewal of Strelna and the management of it to Mr. Collegiate Counselor Engelman, known for his scholarship and knowledge in home economics, which he justified by an absolutely excellent device and many excellent institutions here, uniformly showed a commendable zeal for the trust of the one who chose him … Then many alleys in the lower garden were cleared, the large old collapsed greenhouses with three halls, 80 fathoms long, were rebuilt, and the ancient beautiful, but wild apricot and peach trees were put in order; the wild garden in front of the greenhouses was cleaned and the plan, approved by the Grand Duke, turned into English, decorated with flower beds, ponds and cascades.

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Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna
Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna

The road to the church, on the other side of the palace, is also cleared, and under the rampart to the south there are two greenhouses 60 fathoms long for pineapples and grapes, as well as the old greenhouses of Peter the Great, which collapsed, despite their amazing fortress (in the greenhouses of these cities. Engelman experimented with growing pineapples, melons, watermelons, early cucumbers and other vegetables by means of steam; the fruits were very juicy, did not emit a bad smell and had a pleasant taste, especially pineapples), corrected, and the garden got a pleasant look from planting various fruitful shrubs in it and berries."

In 1797, Strelna became a grand ducal estate, and the manor farm began to serve only its owner. The volume of landings is not reduced at the same time. The yields obtained were consistently high. At the request of the Grand Duke in 1802, the bee-house was recreated in the Lower Park, it was cleared of weeds and honey-bearing flowers and shrubs were planted in it.

A unique collection of beehives was restored: the Shirakh bee storage box, glass English, German, French observation boxes, Mecklenburg straw beehives, Prussian wattle fence, French glass cages, Saxon glass boxes, Bohemian and Russian standing and lying hives.

Empress Maria Feodorovna, the mother of Konstantin Pavlovich, loved to visit the bee. As a result of the work done in the middle of the 19th century, "works" grown in Strelna gardens and greenhouses satisfied not only the needs of the owners, but also went on free sale. The Strelninskoe Palace Board has repeatedly published announcements about this in the newspaper "St. Petersburg Vedomosti". Then they sold apples, cherries, raspberries, currants, gooseberries, strawberries and wild strawberries. Those who wished could buy fruits and berries "in an economic way at free prices, for rent from trees, bushes and ridges."

One of the best gardening complexes in the vicinity of the capital functioned before the revolution. Strelna suffered significant damage during the Great Patriotic War, when the territory of the village was occupied by the German fascist invaders.

In the late 1980s, the Wooden Palace of Peter I with the adjacent territory was transferred to the State Museum-Reserve "Peterhof". As a result of the restoration work carried out from 1989 to 1999, the interiors of the palace, where the museum exhibition was located, were recreated, and the parterres on the east and west sides, which are flower beds made in the French regular style.

The composition of the flower beds was recreated for the period of the 40s of the 18th century with some changes in the assortment of planting material. For example, now instead of boxwood, the Thunberg barberry is used, framing the perimeter of the flower garden. Reviving historical traditions, the range of flower crops used in the design of flower beds is represented by bulbous plants, primarily tulips. In memory of the first owner of the Wooden Palace, one of the varieties that adorn the parterres is named after Peter I.

Each season brings its unique beauty to the decoration of flower beds: spring - the majesty of tulips, tenderness and defenselessness of crocuses, a light aroma of hyacinths, arrogance of daffodils; summer - the heavenly blueness of the ageratum, the coolness of the sea cineraria, the morning freshness of begonias, the grace of lilies, the impressionism of irises; autumn - colored mosaic of dahlias, astringency of chrysanthemums, starry asters.

Dutch garden

Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna
Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna

Of particular interest is the work on the reconstruction of a vegetable garden located in the southern lowland and previously spread to the first Karpiev pond. Until 1999, three private garden plots were located on this site, which arose in the post-war period and have existed to this day. This place at that moment in time can be characterized by the lines of the poet K. R. (Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich Romanov):

The kindergarten is neglected, the kindergarten is stalled;

An old, gray house;

The yard is overgrown, the pond is dry;

Dilapidated services all around …

The first stage of work was the clearing of the site from weedy trees and shrubs, diseased and dead fruit trees, as well as the liberation of the area from rickety fences, dilapidated sheds and household and construction waste accumulated over the years. As a result of the work carried out, about 6 tons of scrap metal, rubbish, stones, glass, barbed wire left over from the Great Patriotic War were removed from the territory of the future vegetable garden.

Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna
Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna

During excavation work, the remains of the foundation of the first Peter's greenhouse, shards of clay pots, fragments of tiles from Dutch stoves were found. Cesspools have been excavated that have survived since the Russo-Japanese War, when a hospital was located in the Wooden Palace, as well as a fragment of a strawberry bed, laid out of cobblestones and used to heat it; in the future, it is planned to restore it in full.

White cabbage. Cauliflower - Amethyst variety Guided by the preserved plan, the beds were oriented from north to south and from east to west, but, unlike the time of Peter the Great, they were sheathed with boards, not logs.

The range of crops grown in the garden is represented by traditional Russian vegetables: cabbage, turnips, radishes, carrots, beets, onions, garlic, sorrel, horseradish, dill and celery, and the crops brought by Peter from Europe: potatoes, lettuce, radishes, artichokes. In addition, zucchini, squash, pumpkins, and tomatoes are grown.

Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna
Petrovsky vegetable garden in Strelna

One of the features of the vegetable garden created under Peter I is the presence of spicy and medicinal plants grown on the same bed. This tradition comes from Holland, and therefore got the name in Russia "Garden for Dutch taste". The aromatic bed is represented by peppermint, marjoram, lemon balm, lovage, cumin, thyme, basil, coriander, celery, tarragon, parsley. The medicinal bed consists of valerian, motherwort, St. John's wort, yarrow, plantain, string, sage.

Now, on the territory of the palace and park ensemble of the Palace of Peter I in Strelna, thematic excursions around the imperial garden are held.

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