Table of contents:
Video: Japanese Experience Of Growing Watermelons
Read the previous part. ← Soil temperature and watering watermelons
Take a look at the Japanese method of grafting watermelons (Takki Seed). A horizontal cut is made on the rootstock (see Figure 1), removing the top of the stem, and then the stem is split (cut) lengthwise to a depth of 1.5-2 cm. A scion is inserted into this split with the epidermis cut from both sides.
The graft must be inserted so that the walls of the stem with the removed epidermis are exactly in contact with the cut surfaces of the stock. In this position, the scion is fixed with a cotton wool flagellum, a soft thread or a washcloth.
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Care of grafted plants. After grafting, the plant is watered and a humid atmosphere is created for it under a film or glass jar. In the first days after grafting, the plants must be protected from direct sunlight with paper to prevent wilting. The grafted plants are sprayed daily with water three times a day and ventilated.
On the fourth day after vaccination, if successful, the growth of the scion begins. From this moment it is necessary to increase the ventilation, and after another 3-4 days the plants can be left under normal conditions.
Picture 1 |
Picture 2 |
From professional rootstocks for watermelon, a hybrid of rootstock for all types of watermelon and melon can be recommended - this is Vita F1 from Vilmorin. The root system is fusarium resistant and nematode tolerant. This stock allows you to get early and uniform fruits without changing their internal qualities.
The Agricultural Experimental Institute in the city of Plovdiv in Bulgaria proposed in 1958 a method of grafting watermelons onto a pumpkin gourd - Lagenaria vulgaris. According to their observations, watermelons grafted on a gourd are much more resistant to their own roots to low temperatures, accelerate ripening by 10-15 days and give a yield increase of up to 47% compared to unvaccinated ones. Watermelons grafted onto bottle gourds develop normally at a much lower soil temperature (+ 16 … 17 ° C), while the development of unvaccinated plants at this temperature stops.
One way or another, this technique is well mastered in Japan. Maybe our gardeners will take it into service, we can provide heat for a watermelon, alas, not every summer.
The Japanese recommend pinching the watermelon plant and leading in three stems (see Figure 2).
It is impossible to answer all the questions in one article, so take a look at the heading "Growing watermelons and melons", there you will find a lot of useful things for yourself.
Vladimir Stepanov, Doctor of Biological Sciences
Photo by E Valentinov
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