Growing Vegetable Peas In The Garden. Part 2

Read the previous part of the article:

Features of culture and its agricultural technology:

soil preparation;

variety selection and seed preparation.

Vegetable peas are a valuable and healthy vitamin product

• Sowing peas
• Crop care
• Pea harvest

Sowing peas

In early spring, as soon as the snow melts and the lumps on the soil surface turn gray, harrowing is carried out using an iron rake, after 2-3 days this work is repeated in the transverse direction. Presowing cultivation in the Leningrad region usually begins in the second decade of May, as soon as the soil is ripe. There is a well-known way to determine its ripeness: they take a handful of earth from a depth of 10 cm, squeeze it into a ball and throw it from a height of 1 m onto the path. If the lump is evenly crumbled, then the soil is ready for sowing. Presowing treatment on light soils is done to a depth of 5-8 cm, on heavy and compacted soils - by 15-20 cm.

For spring loosening, it is necessary to give a starting dose of nitrogen, preferably urea (5-10 g / m²), since nodule bacteria begin to fix atmospheric nitrogen from the budding phase of the pea plant. Then the site is harrowed again with a rake and divided into rectangular plots, since it is more convenient to work on them. The soil is cut with an iron rake, unbroken lumps are thrown into the fringes. On light soils, paths are tread between plots. Ridges and ridges are laid on soils with a small arable layer, as well as in damp areas, placing them across the slope. On a flat surface in the North-West of Russia - from north to south.

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You need to stock up on seeds in advance. It is better to focus on well-known companies that guarantee good germination. You need to buy in specialized stores, not from random sellers. For sowing, it is necessary to use the largest, well-developed seeds, without visible injuries and damage from diseases. Seeds damaged by a pea weevil are discarded by immersing them in a three percent solution of sodium chloride. Defective peas float up and are thrown away; those that have descended are thoroughly washed with running water and dried.

Before sowing, the seeds are treated with bacterial preparations, nitragin or rhizotorphin with the addition of micronutrient fertilizers, ammonium molybdate (0.5-1.6 g per 1 kg of seeds) and boric acid in the same dose. Rhizotorfin treatment is carried out on the day of sowing. For processing 1 kg of seeds, 0.5-1 g of the preparation is enough. It is carried out in a shaded place, avoiding direct sunlight. This technique is especially effective in areas where legumes have not been sown before. In the southern regions, the seeds are not soaked, they are sown dry in abundantly watered soil.

In more northern regions, including ours, for the appearance of early shoots, the seed is germinated. To do this, the seeds are first soaked until they swell, then sprinkled on burlap and covered with a soft cloth. Naked peas are planted in a soil warmed up to 6-8 ° C to a depth of 4-6 cm on plots in three rows with row spacing of 15 cm for low and medium-sized varieties (60-100 cm high) and 25 cm for tall varieties (1.8- 2.5 m). Distance in rows 10-15 cm, between adjacent belts: 45 cm for low and medium height and 60 cm for tall forms. In the presence of a sufficient number of seeds, it is better to sow in a row thicker, and after the emergence of seedlings, thin out the plants. When sowing, the seeds are slightly pressed down, depending on the moisture content of the earth, watered from a watering can, the grooves are sealed with soil and mulched with peat. To protect against birds, a net is pulled over the pea crops or covered with paper. For shelling vegetable peas, it is possible to grow through seedlings.

In the conditions of the North-West region, peas of early and mid-early varieties are sown in greenhouses in late April-early May. Two thousand seeds sown per 1 m² in a greenhouse is enough to produce seedlings for 50 m² in a vegetable garden. Seedlings are usually ready in 25-30 days, that is, in the third decade of May. They plant it in ridges in deep grooves, well watered with water. In the garden, three rows are made with a row spacing of up to 40 cm, in a row - after 10-15 cm.

Crop care

Care for peas planted with seedlings consists in loosening the soil, weeding from weeds, watering and feeding with urea (5-10 g / m²) or mullein diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10. In the seed-planted area, when caring for peas, the main thing is to loosen the row spacings, control weeds and watering in dry weather, especially during the flowering period and the formation of beans. The last loosening is combined with hilling plants. Peas are very responsive to feeding. When the plants reach a height of 6-8 cm, they are watered with a solution of a vegetable mixture or trace elements (1-2 tablets per 10 liters of water). With a plant height of 10-15 cm, stakes are placed at the edges of the beds, but so that one stake is no further than 4-5 m from the other. A twine is stretched between them in several rows vertically, a trellis-type structure is obtained that prevents plants from lodging …It is possible to use other types of supports, for example, branched tree branches with a height of 1.5 m at the rate of 3 pieces per 1 m².

Agrotechnical methods are the incorporation or destruction of plant residues, observance of crop rotation in crop rotation, timely sowing dates, and the necessary fertilizing. Extracts of more than a hundred species of plants have an insecticidal effect. They do not always cause complete death of the pest, but significantly reduce its number.

So, against caterpillars (small leaf gnaws), extracts of potatoes, burdock, wormwood, tomatoes, mustard, dandelion, garlic, onion, and pepper are used.

Against weevils - wormwood, marigolds, tansy, tomatoes, pepper.

Ticks are destroyed - potatoes, onions, garlic, dandelion, pepper, sorrel, tansy, tomatoes, horseradish.

Wormwood, tomatoes, burdock, onion, pepper, tansy, and coniferous extract are effective against the moth.

Extracts of mustard, pepper, tobacco are used to combat slugs.

Against aphids - potatoes, dandelions, peppers, tomatoes, horseradish, tansy, garlic, sorrel, tobacco, onions, mustard, nettle, rhubarb, marigolds, wormwood.

Effective against thrips - mustard, potatoes, onions, peppers, tomatoes, tobacco, garlic, sorrel, and against scale insects - onions, dandelions, tobacco, garlic. × Notice board Kittens for sale Puppies for sale Horses for sale

Pea harvest

In the conditions of the Leningrad region, sugar pea varieties are harvested on a shoulder in late June - early July, 2-3 days after the start of seed formation in the bean, when they become juicy and take a flat shape. Dessert varieties with small beans (Soup spatula 181) should be harvested as often as possible, as this stimulates the formation of new beans. If the beans are not picked in time, they begin to lose their green color, become whitish. The appearance of a mesh on the beans is a sign that the peas are overripe. It is better to harvest the beans in the early morning, they wither quickly on a hot afternoon.

The harvesting of shelling pea varieties begins in the phase of technical ripeness, when at least 70-80% of the beans are well done, and the peas reach 7-8 mm. If you sow the varieties Alpha, Pobeditel G 33, Viola, Adagumsky, Voskhod, Late-ripening cerebral improved in one calendar period, then they will give peas of different collection dates within a month. Peas in beans are stored for only 10-12 hours, and husked even less - 3-4 hours, after which the peas become starchy and less sweet. At normal temperatures, peas lose their commercial qualities in 2-3 days.