How To Fertilize Cabbage

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

Cabbage is one of the main vegetable crops. In the soddy-podzolic zone, it ranks first in terms of area occupied. Various types of cabbage are successfully cultivated: white cabbage, red cabbage, Brussels sprouts, Savoy, cauliflower, broccoli, kohlrabi, collard, Chinese, Peking.

White cabbage is one of the main vegetable crops among all common cabbages. Early, mid and late-ripening varieties are planted. It is very demanding on high doses of nitrogen, medium - on potassium and phosphorus. For the formation of a marketable and non-marketable crop, an average of 10 kg of crop is consumed 40 g of nitrogen, 15 g of phosphorus and 50 g of potassium. Fertilizers are absorbed stretched out throughout the growing season, however, for mid-season varieties, the maximum consumption occurs in July-August. For example, in June, plants absorb 17% of nitrogen, 11% of phosphorus and 10% of potassium, in July - 26, 45 and 39%, respectively, in August - 40.36.25%, in September - 17, 8 and 26%.

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The growing season varies from 60 to 140 days for varieties of different early maturity. The periods of absorption of nutrients are most compressed in cabbage of early varieties and more extended in cabbage of later varieties.

In terms of biological properties, red cabbage, like mid-season varieties of white cabbage, is very demanding on increased doses of phosphorus fertilizers, which significantly increase the sugar content in the cabbage and improve the taste of cabbage.

Savoy cabbage, like mid-season varieties of white cabbage, is more demanding on soil fertility, but it is more tender, richer in protein and vitamin C and responds better to nitrogen fertilizers.

Brussels sprouts, equal to mid-ripening white cabbage, are demanding on soil fertility, contains more protein, vitamin C. Does not tolerate excess nitrogen, which enhances leaf growth and delays the formation of heads of cabbage.

Cauliflower, like mid-ripening white cabbage, is more demanding on soil fertility, the best greenhouse lands, humus-rich loamy soils are allocated for it.

Kohlrabi, earlier than the early varieties of white cabbage, also requires fertile loamy light soils.

Collard cabbage, Chinese and Peking cabbage are distinguished by high early maturity, they require fertile humus and peaty soils.

The increase in the total amount of dry matter in cabbage occurs during the entire growing season before harvesting. The increase in dry matter of the outer leaves stops at the very end of the growing season. It grows well in slightly acidic soils. On acidic soils, cabbage reacts positively to liming.

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With an increase in the dose of manure, the yield of cabbage increases and its ripening accelerates, which is of great importance for obtaining early marketable products. Mid- and late-ripening cabbage varieties are more responsive to the introduction of manure. Early ripening varieties with a short growing season are advisable to be planted on the predecessor fertilized with manure. Well-rotted manure is more suitable for direct use under early maturing varieties.

On most soils, especially on podzolic soils, cabbage primarily needs nitrogen. On peaty floodplain soils characterized by a low potassium content, high yield increases are obtained from potash fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers increase the yield no less than manure.

When one manure is introduced into the soil, cabbage lacks, first of all, nitrogen. It consumes about three parts of potassium and nitrogen for one part of phosphorus, while from manure in the year of its incorporation, plants absorb three parts of potassium and only one part of nitrogen for one part of phosphorus. Therefore, when applying manure under cabbage, nitrogen fertilizers should be added first. Only in the case of growing this crop on floodplains and low-lying, well-decomposed peatlands, rich in nitrogen available to plants, the need to add nitrogen mineral fertilizers to manure is reduced or they are not used at all.

Early ripening varieties of cabbage are especially needed in combination of the main fertilizer with fertilizer when planting, which increases the yield of early production.

All cabbages are sulfur-loving crops. Therefore, sulfate salts are chosen for them. They also respond well to magnesium, boron and molybdenum fertilizers.

When using small doses of fertilizers locally, when planting seedlings, more stable increases in cabbage yield are achieved. With a cabbage harvest of 2.5-6 kg per 1 m², the increment from small doses of fertilizers applied locally during planting is from 0.6 to 1.3 kg.

Thus, the productivity of cabbage when applying manure in combination with mineral fertilizers increases. Therefore, the formula for fertilizing cabbage is as follows: fundamental background fertilizers - manure 10-15 kg / m² together with ammonium nitrate 30-40 g / m², superphosphate - 30-50 g / m², potassium sulfate or potassium magnesium - 30-40 g / m², dolomite flour - 600-900 g / m², ammonium molybdate - 0.5 g and boric acid - 1 g / m² for digging to a depth of 18 cm in the spring and additional fertilization in the hole - 0.3-0.5% a solution of urea with a peat pot, where a whole complex of fertilizers is concentrated.

Or, it is practiced to introduce nitrophoska 10-15 g / m² into the nest with a layer of soil from the roots and top dressing with ammonium nitrate with potassium sulfate at a rate of 20 g / m² to a depth of 10-12 cm during the first processing of row spacing. Top dressing for mid-ripening varieties is carried out again in a month, and for late-ripening varieties - two more times.

Extreme options for fertilization can be different, you can always do it according to the situation.

Wish you luck!