Salad: Varieties, Varieties, Basics Of Agricultural Technology - 2

2024 Author: Sebastian Paterson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:47

Iceberg-type lettuce varieties are the most available for our zone: Diamond, Design, Barcelona, Galera, Crispino. They are early, can withstand cold and heat, are resistant to diseases, have excellent taste, they tie a dense head of cabbage well. Oak lettuce varieties: Asterix (green), Amorix (dark red), Reboza (red, curly leaf); all these salads are suitable for all-season cultivation, are resistant to

shooters, well kept, have a great taste.

Romaine lettuce varieties: Goodison, Xandu are modern varieties for all-season cultivation, they are not inferior in quality of leaves to Iceberg-type salads, they are well stored.

Smooth-leaved endive varieties: Congo - short growing for early spring production; Sardana, Eros - for summer cultivation.

Endive varieties with cut (curly) leaves: Ione - spring-summer; Steivos - for summer; Markant - autumn, tolerates frosts down to -2 ° C.

Salad chicory red (radicchio rosso): Bacon variety - very well resistant to marginal burns, sown in May, harvest in July (70 days); Fiero is an elongated purple head of cabbage, sown in June, harvest in September (112 days).

Rucola selvatiko is a green leaf color for all-season cultivation. Watercress - Narrow-leaved variety - good taste, for all-season cultivation.

Sowing lettuce. It remains only to grow all kinds of salads on your site. Dutch companies suggest following this technology when growing lettuce outdoors. The soil for lettuce should be loose, fertile, moderately moist, as excessive moisture leads to the spread of diseases. For salads, soils with a pH of 7.0-7.5 with sufficient nutrients are the best. Lettuce can be sown several times during the summer. It is sown in rows located at a distance of 15-20 cm, between plants - 10-15 cm. With a thicker sowing, the plants coarse. Seeds are planted to a depth of 1-1.5 cm in moist soil. Early ripening varieties of head lettuce are sown from 5-10 April to 5 May. Mid-season and late - from April 10 to June 10. Before sowing, the soil is prepared in the same way as for sowing leaf and head lettuce. There should be a distance of 18-20 cm between plants in a row, for late-ripening plants - 25 cm. The seeds are planted to a depth of 1 cm. Romaine lettuce is sown in the first half of July for consumption in autumn and winter.

For an early harvest, head lettuce is grown as seedlings. 30-day-old seedlings of mid-season varieties and 50-day-old seedlings are planted in the ground. In the spring, taking into account the required age of the seedlings, the seeds are embedded to a depth of 0.5 cm in cassettes (or seed boxes) in greenhouses or greenhouses. When seedlings appear, the temperature is maintained at + 12 … 130C (at a higher one, they will stretch out). Two weeks after germination, the seedlings dive into peat pots 5x5 or 6x6 cm. The seedlings are planted so that the root collar is at the level of the soil, otherwise the plants will rot.

Plant care. When the sown plants have three true leaves, the crops are thinned out. This work is done twice with an interval of 10-12 days. The selected plants are eaten. Further care of crops consists in weeding. Caring for the planted seedlings is reduced to watering, loosening and one-time feeding.

Fertilizer. For salads, it is recommended to add N - 0.6 kg, P2O5 - 0.4-0.75, K2O -1.2-2 kg, MgO - 1 kg per 1 hundred square meters. To establish the exact amount of necessary fertilizers, it is recommended to analyze the soil, and it is quite enough to feed the seedlings of cabbage salads once: dilute 0.5 liters of mullein and one tablespoon of nitrophoska in 10 liters of water, spending 1 liter per 1 plant. Watering. The soil under the salads should be moderately moist. This is especially true for head salads, since in heat and drought, heads of cabbage become loose. But it should be borne in mind that excessive moisture can lead to the spread of rot and peronosporosis. Lettuce develops most productively at moderate summer temperatures (18 … 200C).

Harvesting. Lettuce starts to be harvested early - in the 5-7 leaf phase in the morning or evening. As for the head lettuce, especially the early spring varieties, it is impossible to be late in harvesting it, since they are prone to flowering. Heads of cabbage are cut off the ground. Late lettuce varieties are harvested before frost. salad with frozen leaves quickly deteriorates. For head lettuce, it is preferable that the night air temperature is 4… 80C lower than the daytime temperature, this accelerates the formation of dense heads of cabbage. The best predecessors for him are cabbage, tomato, pepper, potatoes. Unacceptable predecessors - zucchini, salad. The return of salads to their original place is possible no earlier than in two or three years.

I hope that I have not tired the readers very much with agricultural technology, and those gardeners who have not yet decided on which variety to start growing salads may not worry - now salad mixes are in vogue in Moscow. Let's say, like "Tuscany": "Small dark green leaves of the root, rich burgundy radiccio, delicate, with a slight bitterness of frisse and crispy, sweet romaine create a real work of art on the plate. The surprisingly balanced composition of the Tuscany mix allows each of these salads to be completely reveal your taste and emphasize the originality and sophistication of other components."

I also want to say a little about varieties: all varieties are good if the seeds of these varieties are obtained according to all the rules of seed production.